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Learn to differentiate between elements and compounds by identifying symbols like N, H2O, Na, K, and more. Discover the chemistry of water, acids, bases, and pH levels in this educational session.
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Warm up 9/19 & Lab Turn in*Identify the following symbols & identify whether they are Elements (E) or Compounds (C). • N • H2O • Na • K • H2SO4 • HCl • Cl • NaCl Write the equation: H2O+ H+ H3O + What are the products and what are the reactants? *Staple pages 63-65 and put in basket in rear of classroom.
ACIDS, BASES, AND pH pp. 39-44
WaterPolar (covalent) compound • acts like a magnet with + attracted to – • pulls apart molecules like NaCl (ionic bond) Water has a positive (+) and negative (-) “pole” (+) is due to H and (-) is O
WaterBonding covalent bonds hold H2O together hydrogen bonds hold molecules of H2O Covalent > Hydrogen
Acids and Bases H2O = water H+ = hydrogen ion OH- = hydroxide ion
Acids and Bases • H2O H+ + OH- • H+ reacts with H2O H2O + H+ H3O+ (hydronium) • H3O+ more commonly written as H+
Acids Acids: H+ > OH- pH less than 7 Acid Properties: tastes sour, highly corrosive EX. HCl, H2SO4
Bases Bases: OH- > H+ pH more than 7 Base Properties: tastes bitter, feel slimy EX. NaOH, Mg(OH)2
pHpower of Hydronium • measures acidity (from 0-14) and how much H3O+/H+ is present. The closer to 0, the more the H3O +/H+ 0 up to 7 = acid 7 = neutral over 7 = base/alkaline • Can use indicators to tell the pH ( phenol red, pH paper, litmus, BTB)