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Chapter 12, 13

Chapter 12, 13. TEST REVIEW DUH BRAH. EASY STUH-FFFF steevihn.tumblr.com. What are the stages of the CELL cycle and what happens in each?. Short answer: INTERPHASE AND MITOSIS G1: gap period, cell makes proteins and organelles, grows in size S: DNA synthesis; DNA replication occurs

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Chapter 12, 13

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  1. Chapter 12, 13 TEST REVIEW DUH BRAH. EASY STUH-FFFF steevihn.tumblr.com

  2. What are the stages of the CELL cycle and what happens in each? • Short answer: INTERPHASE AND MITOSIS • G1: gap period, cell makes proteins and organelles, grows in size • S: DNA synthesis; DNA replication occurs • G2: gap period 2; metabolic activity occurs, cell gets ready to divide • M: Mitotic phase • Includes mitosis: cells divide into 2 • And cytokinesis: cytoplasm is divided into 2 • Ms. Babbey is full of lies.

  3. How do prokaryotic cells reproduce? • By binary fission

  4. What structures contain DNA? • chromsomes

  5. Tell me 2 things about asexual reproduction. • Only one parent • Genetically identical offspring • Occurs rapidly • How bacteria and prokaryotes reproduce • Ms. Babbey is a zombie.

  6. What is the longest phase of mitosis? • Interphase

  7. When are chromosomes replicated? • S phase of Interphase

  8. What are the fibers containing DNA and proteins called? • Chromatin

  9. What holds sister chromatids together? • Centromeres

  10. List the 5 stages of mitosis. • PPMAT • Prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase • Ms. Babbey eats babies.

  11. When do chromosomes become visible? • Prophase

  12. When do cells elongate and new nuclei form? • telophase

  13. When do chromosomes line up in the middle? • metaphase

  14. When do chromosomes begin to separate? • anaphase

  15. How do animal cells do cytokinesis? • With cleavage furrows

  16. How do plant cells do cytokinesis? • With cell plates • Vesicles containing cellulose form them • Ms. Babbey is the devil.

  17. How many daughter cells are made in mitosis? • 2

  18. How many daughter cells are made in meiosis? • 4

  19. How many pairs of chromosomes in human body cells? • 23 pairs, 46 total

  20. Name some diploid cells. • Skin, muscle, blood, body cells • 2n • 23 pairs of chromosomes • Somatic cells • Zygotes • Ms. Babbey hates puppies, and kills them.

  21. Name some haploid cells. • Egg, sperm • n • 23 chromosomes • Gametes • DIS EEZ UPSIDE DOWNNNNNNNNNNNNN.

  22. How many cell divisions in meiosis? • 2

  23. What is a gamete? • Sex cells • Egg or sperm • Haploid • n • Made by meiosis • Ms. Babbey kills dingos for fun.

  24. When does crossing over occur? • Prophase I

  25. Why is crossing over important? • Genetic diversity, health of populations

  26. Where does meiosis occur? • In the ovaries and testes

  27. What is a karyotype • Magnified picture of all our chromosomes lined up in pairs • Ms. Babbey does NOT Remember the fifth of November

  28. What are somatic cells? • Body cells • 2n • diploid

  29. Telophase is the opposite of what phase? • prophase

  30. What are some functions of mitosis? • Growth, repair, development, asexual reproduction • Ms. Babbey likes calendars, and dead children.

  31. What is meiosis? • How we make gametes (egg and sperm)

  32. Are somatic cells diploid or haploid? • diploid

  33. Are sex cells diploid or haploid? • haploid

  34. Reproduction with one parent is… • Asexual reproduction

  35. What is a zygote? • A fertilized egg • Diploid • 2n • DIS BE SIDEWAYzzzzzzzzz

  36. What causes down syndrome? • Trisomy 21 • 3 chromosomes #21 instead of 2

  37. What is a deletion? When part of the chromosome gets erased during cell divison

  38. What comes before mitosis and meiosis? Interphase

  39. What is a benign tumor? • One that doesn’t spread throughout the body • Is Ms. Babbeys’ lizard alive right now?

  40. What are the two halves of duplicated chromosomes called? • Sister chromatids • No.

  41. What is division of the cytoplasm called? • Cytokinesis

  42. How is anaphase of mitosis different than anaphase I? • Sister chromatids, not chromosomes, separate

  43. What kinds of chromosomes do sperm have? • 22 autosomes • 1 sex chromosome, either X or Y • They are haploid

  44. How is the cell cycle of cancer cells different? • It’s shorter and faster • Mitosis happens more

  45. What does meiosis make? • Haploid cells • Egg and sperm • Gametes • Genetically different from each other and the parent cells

  46. When does a cell plate form? • Telophase

  47. Draw: anaphase, anaphase I, anaphase II

  48. A body cell has 24 chromosomes. Therefore, a sperm from this would have ____. • 12

  49. Homologous chromosomes move towards opposite poles during what? • Anaphase I

  50. Is a zygote haploid or diploid? • diploid

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