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Ever Changing Earth Stations

Virtual lab with video demonstrations<br>middle school science

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Ever Changing Earth Stations

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  1. Ever Changing Earth Stations Objective: Explain the geological processes that make both small and large scale changes to the Earth’s surface

  2. Vocabulary Weathering: a process that breaks down rocks, minerals and dirt into smaller pieces (sediments). WInd and rain cause weathering. Erosion: a process that moves sediments to new locations. Wind and water cause erosion. Deposition: a process in which sediments are added to a landmass Tectonic Plates: large sections of the Earth’s crust that travels over the Earth’s interior. Plate boundaries: place where two tectonic plates meet Pangea: a supercontinent that formed about 300 million years ago and included almost all of Earth’s landmasses. Over the last 2 billion years 3 supercontinents have formed. Geoscience processes: processes related to Earth science. Examples include weathering, deposition, earthquakes, volcanoes, meteor impacts, mountain formation and tectonic plate movement.

  3. Pre Lab Questions • What are 2 causes of weathering? • What is the difference between weathering and erosion? • List 3 geoscience processes that occur at plate boundaries?

  4. Pre Lab Questions • Beaches form when waves transport materials such as sand, rocks, shells and dirt to the shoreline. What geoscience process causes beaches to form? • How many supercontinents have formed over the last 2 billion years? • List 3 different geoscience processes that influenced the shape of Rocky Mountain and explain how these processes shaped the mountain range?

  5. Background Information Have you ever looked at the land around you and wondered how it was shaped? How did the Rocky Mountains form? What created the Grand Canyon? What force caused the unusual shaped rocks of Joshua Tree National Park? These natural wonders formed millions of years ago and over time geological process made them the national treasures we have today. The Rocky Mountains are an excellent example of geoscience processes that caused large scale and small scale changes to Earth’s surface. Millions of years ago Pangea began to split apart. The breakup of this supercontinent caused several smaller tectonic plates to slide under the larger North American plate. These plate collisions had a large scale consequence- the formation of the Rocky Mountains. Then over millions of years, surface processes including erosion, weathering, and deposition slowly change the shape of the Rockies into the distinctive peaks and valleys we see today.

  6. Station 1: Sandstorm • Explain which geoscience process were demonstrated in this activity and how they changed Earth’s surface? • Do you think this change to Earth’s surface would occur quickly or over a long period of time? Justify your answer with evidence.

  7. Station 2: Acid Rain • Explain which geoscience process were demonstrated in this activity and how they changed Earth’s surface? • Do you think this change to Earth’s surface would occur quickly or over a long period of time? Justify your answer with evidence.

  8. Station 3: Earthquake Destruction • Explain which geoscience process were demonstrated in this activity and how they changed Earth’s surface? • Do you think this change to Earth’s surface would occur quickly or over a long period of time? Justify your answer with evidence.

  9. Station 4: Meteorite • Explain which geoscience process were demonstrated in this activity and how they changed Earth’s surface? • Do you think this change to Earth’s surface would occur quickly or over a long period of time? Justify your answer with evidence.

  10. Station 5: Where did it go? • Explain which geoscience process were demonstrated in this activity and how they changed Earth’s surface? • Do you think this change to Earth’s surface would occur quickly or over a long period of time? Justify your answer with evidence.

  11. Station 6: Making Mountains • Explain which geoscience process were demonstrated in this activity and how they changed Earth’s surface? • Do you think this change to Earth’s surface would occur quickly or over a long period of time? Justify your answer with evidence.

  12. Analysis Questions • Which of the geoscience processes demonstrated could make changes to the Earth’s surface on a planetary scale (such as the formation and breaking up of supercontinents) over long period of time? Justify your answer with evidence front he activities and pre-lab reading. • Which of the geoscience processes demonstrated could make changes to the Earth’s surface on a planetary scale over short period of time? Justify you answer with evidence from the activities and pre-lab reading.

  13. Analysis Questions • The Sierra Nevada mountain range, located between California and Nevada, is growing ½ an inch every 10 years. The rocky mountain range also grows yearly. Explain why these mountain ranges are growing. Predict what North America will look like in 300 million years. Justify your answer with evidence form the activities and pre-lab reading. • Look at the picture of the Grand Canyon. Name 2 different geoscience processes that were involved in the formation of the Grand Canyon. Explain how each of these processes influence features of the Grand Canyon.

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