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ISO 14000 Environmental protection Polluter pays

ISO 14000 Environmental protection Polluter pays. MST324 lecture 6. Management Systems. BS5750/ISO9000 quality BS7750/ISO14000 environment BS8800 occupational health and safety BS8888 technical product documentation. ISO 14000. the model for an environmental management system

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ISO 14000 Environmental protection Polluter pays

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  1. ISO 14000Environmental protectionPolluter pays MST324 lecture 6 Marine Sports +/ISO14000.ppt

  2. Management Systems • BS5750/ISO9000 quality • BS7750/ISO14000 environment • BS8800 occupational health and safety • BS8888 technical product documentation Marine Sports +/ISO14000.ppt

  3. ISO 14000 • the model for an environmental management system • several guideline standards • one compliance standard -- ISO 14001 Environmental Management Systems • a process similar to ISO 9000 registration Marine Sports +/ISO14000.ppt

  4. ISO 14000 • ISO 14000 series is modeled after the BS 7750 Environmental Management Systemsoriginally published in 1992 and updated in 1994 • from Uruguay GATT negotiations and Rio Environment Summit in 1992 • BS 7750 pilot implementation program involved nearly 500 participants Marine Sports +/ISO14000.ppt

  5. ISO 14000 • An organization may elect to comply with ISO 14001 as a: • model for an Environmental Management System • format to audit the Environmental Management System against • method of demonstrating the Environmental Management System compliance • process for third party and/or customer recognition • public declaration of their Environmental Management System Marine Sports +/ISO14000.ppt

  6. ISO 14000 Benefits of implementing ISO 14001 may include: • enhanced compliance to legislation • facilitated financial and real estate transactions, where environmental performance is a factor • reduced costs associated with consumer audits • ability to bid for contracts (protection or increase of market share) • market forces (a real or perceived 'greening' of the marketplace) • economic return from increased efficiency of resource use; and • increased ability to adapt to changing circumstances. Marine Sports +/ISO14000.ppt

  7. ISO 14000 Registration to ISO 14001 should be considered if it: • is a customer or industry requirement; • complements market strategy; or • is perceived as a valuable motivational factor. Marine Sports +/ISO14000.ppt

  8. ISO 14000 • Registration generally requires twelve to eighteen months of effort depending on the complexity of the organization and the existing systems. • It will take at least the same time to develop and implement an Environmental Management System which compiles with ISO 14001 requirements. Marine Sports +/ISO14000.ppt

  9. ISO 14000 ISO 14001 Environmental Management System Elements: 1Environmental policy 2Planning 2.1 Environmental aspects 2.2 Legal and other requirements 2.3 Objectives and targets 2.4 Environmental management program(s) 3Implementation and operation 3.1 Structure and responsibility 3.2 Training, awareness and competence 3.3 Communication 3.4 Environmental management system documentation 3.5 Document control 3.6 Operational control 3.7 Emergency preparedness and response 4Checking and corrective action 4.1 Monitoring and measurement 4.2 Non-conformance and corrective and preventive action 4.3 Records 4.4 Environmental management system audit 5Management review Marine Sports +/ISO14000.ppt

  10. ISO 14000 Standard Title / Description14000 Guide to Environmental Management Principles, Systems and Supporting Techniques 14001 Environmental Management Systems - Specification with Guidance for Use 14010 Guidelines for Environmental Auditing - General Principles of Environmental Auditing 14011 Guidelines for Environmental Auditing - Audit Procedures 1: Environmental Management Systems 14012 Guidelines for Environmental Auditing - Qualification Criteria for Environmental Auditors 14013/15 Guidelines for Environmental Auditing - Audit Programmes, Reviews & Assessments 14020/23 Environmental Labeling 14024 Environmental Labeling - Practitioner Programs - Guiding Principles, Practices and Certification Procedures of Multiple Criteria Programs 14031/32 Guidelines on Environmental Performance Evaluation 14040/43 Life Cycle Assessment General Principles and Practices 14050 Glossary 14060 Guide for the Inclusion of Environmental Aspects in Product Standards Marine Sports +/ISO14000.ppt

  11. ISO 14000 Sally Lee, Environmental Purchasing Strategy Specialist at Ford Motor Company recently interviewed by the Environmental Management Report stated: “that they are generally pleased with the response to date and do not plan to extend the deadline”. The deadline she refers to is December 31, 2001 when Ford’s Tier I suppliers must certify at least one of their manufacturing facilities to the ISO 14001 Standard and all manufacturing sites shipping products to Ford by July 1, 2003 Marine Sports +/ISO14000.ppt

  12. ISO 14000 • IBM strongly encouraging it suppliers to register to ISO140001 • General Motors has announced that it will require all of its suppliers to be certified to the ISO 14001 Standard by December 31, 2002. Marine Sports +/ISO14000.ppt

  13. Some URLs for ISO 14000 • http://www.iso.ch/iso/en/iso9000-14000/pdf/iso14000.pdf • http://www.bsi-global.com/Import+Export+Advice/Useful+Publications/Management/ISO14000.xalter • http://www.iso14000.org/ .....(free software download) • http://www.iso14000.com/ • http://www.mgmt14k.com/ems.htm • http://www.trst.com/iso3.htm#Mini Cases • http://www.ecologia.org/iso14000/standard/factsheet.html • http://www.quality.co.uk/iso14000.htm • http://www.iisd.org/greenstand/default.htm Marine Sports +/ISO14000.ppt

  14. Environmental Protection Act • Environmental Protection Act 1990 • http://www.hmso.gov.uk/acts/acts1990/Ukpga_19900043_en_1.htm • National Environmental Policy Act 1969 • http://www.epa.gov/epahome/laws.htm • Canadian Environmental Protection Act 1999 • http://lois.justice.gc.ca/en/C-15.31/ Marine Sports +/ISO14000.ppt

  15. Environmental Protection Act • I: Integrated Pollution Control and Air Pollution Control by Local Authorities • II: Waste on Land • III: Statutory Nuisances and Clean Air • IV: Litter, etc. • V: Radioactive Substances • VI: Genetically Modified Organisms • VII: Nature Conservation and Countryside Matters • VIII: Miscellaneous • IX: General Marine Sports +/ISO14000.ppt

  16. Polluter Pays principle • Core of the "Polluter Pays" principle is that • the polluter should pay for any environmental damage created • the burden of proof in demonstrating that a particular technology, practice or product is safe should lie with the developer, not the general public. • Unfortunately, when and how much the polluter should pay is often unclear. Marine Sports +/ISO14000.ppt

  17. Polluter Pays principle • One way to adequately implement the polluter pays principle in the real world makes use of what are known as assurance bonds. • money put up by the "polluter" to insure against a worst case environmental impact • the bond recovered only if after sufficient time it is demonstrated that the technology, process or product in question had been deemed to be safe as was reasonably acceptable. • Alternatively, if damage occurred, the bond would be used for environmental restoration, and to pay damages to anyone who had been harmed. • Bond accrues interest: the "polluter" receives an incentive to ensure that best environmental practice is followed, and to demonstrate that the technology, process or product is as safe as is practicably possible, without involving excessive cost. Marine Sports +/ISO14000.ppt

  18. URLs for Polluter Pays principle • http://europa.eu.int/comm/regional_policy/sources/docoffic/working/doc/ppp_en.pdf • http://www.doc.mmu.ac.uk/aric/esd/Principles/Polluter_Pays.html • http://www.who.int/environmental_information/Information_resources/documents/Healthteachersg/ch2.pdf • http://www.greenpeace.org/politics/RIOplus10/ppp3.PDF • http://www.unesco.org/mab/capacity/ucep/brief1.pdf • http://sedac.ciesin.org/pidb/texts/oecd/OECD-4.09.html Marine Sports +/ISO14000.ppt

  19. Precautionary Principle Poul Harremoës, David Gee, Malcolm MacGarvin, Andy Stirling, Jane Keys, Brian Wynne and Sofia Guedes Vaz The Precautionary Principle in the 20th Century: Late Lessons from Early Warnings Earthscan Publications, London, 2002. ISBN 1 85383 893 4. Library 333.714PRE Marine Sports +/ISO14000.ppt

  20. Precautionary Principle • Harremoës et al book ... • fisheries radiation • benzene asbestos • PCBs halocarbons • diethylstilboestrol growth promoters (2) • sulphur dioxide lead in petrol • Great Lakes chemicals TBT antifoulants • mad cow disease Marine Sports +/ISO14000.ppt

  21. Precautionary PrincipleTri Butyl Tin anti-foulants • C4 BC Aristotle notes small fish (barnacles) slow down ship • 1824 Sir Humphrey Davy: anti-fouling action of copper sheathing on wooden ships related to rate of Cu solution • 1863 Tarr & Wonson, US patent 40 515 Cu20 as anti-fouling toxin (AFT) • 1943 Tisdale, Brit patenet 578 312 organotin compounds as AFT Marine Sports +/ISO14000.ppt

  22. Precautionary PrincipleTri Butyl Tin anti-foulants • 1960s introduction of commercial TBT AFT • 1970s rapid take-up of TBT by shipping and small boats • 1970 Blaber (Plymouth Sound): appearance of penis in female dogwhelks (Nucella lapillus)1971 Smith (US East Coast): “imposex” in mud-snails (Nassarius obsoletus) .. development of male sexual structures in females Marine Sports +/ISO14000.ppt

  23. Precautionary PrincipleTri Butyl Tin anti-foulants • 1975 New Scientist v35 p316 hull drag due to fouling estimated to consume 25% of US Navy fuel • early 1980s: TBT responsible for imposex in oyster drill (Oceanebra erinacea) in Arcachon Bay (French Atlantic) Oyster production falls by 80% from mid 1970s to 1981 (15K -> 3K tonnes) due to reproductive failure and shell deformation Marine Sports +/ISO14000.ppt

  24. Precautionary PrincipleTri Butyl Tin anti-foulants • 1982 France legislates to prohibit TBT AFT on vessels <25m • 1985 UK controls on sale of TBT AFT for use on small vessels • Jan ‘87 reduction of UK TBT levels • May ‘87 total UK ban on retail sales of TBT AFT on vessels <25m • 1988 Prohibition in US • 1989 Prohibition in Canada - NZ - Oz Marine Sports +/ISO14000.ppt

  25. Precautionary PrincipleTri Butyl Tin anti-foulants • 1991 harmonisation of EU TBT controls • 1994 MEPC “no further controls were necessary” • 1995 4th Conf Protection of the North Sea agreed concerted action for worldwide phase-out of TBT on all ships • 1998 MEPC draft mandatory regulations • 2003 phase out of application of TBT • 2008 phase-out of the presence of TBT on ALL ship hulls Marine Sports +/ISO14000.ppt

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