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The Muscular System

Discover the basic functions of the muscular system, including control of movement, different muscle types (smooth, skeletal, cardiac), and the crucial role of muscle contraction in facilitating movement. Learn about the relationship between the muscular and nervous systems, the main proteins involved in muscle function, and common muscle diseases and disorders. Dive into the fascinating world of muscles with detailed explanations and step-by-step processes of muscle contraction.

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The Muscular System

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  1. The Muscular System

  2. Basics Facts BASIC FUNCTIONS -Controls Movement -Voluntary vs Involuntary -Support -Stores Minerals -Tissues: bones, ligaments, cartilage, tendons, skeletal muscles -Fibroblast-Mother cell

  3. THREE MUSCLE TYPES Smooth- found in the linings of organs; protection -Involuntary -Thin and Striated

  4. THREE MUSCLE TYPES Skeletal- Controls skeletal movement -Voluntary -Brain Protection

  5. THREE MUSCLE TYPES Cardiac- controls beating of heart -Contractions -Involuntary

  6. MOVEMENTS How it all connected?? -Tendons Skeletal muscle attaches to bone -Ligaments Attaches muscle to muscle -Muscle Fibers Pull and contracting form movement

  7. Movement 3 Is ? -Muscles are classified by shape and size Nervous and Muscular System -Direct Relation

  8. Muscle Fibers Muscle nerves trigger TWO MAIN PROTEINS -Actin -Myosin -Tropomyosin- forms contractions; blocks interactions -Troponin-protein that inhibits contraction

  9. Muscle Contraction Calcium Ions must be present -ATP- Provides energy for contraction -Tropomyosin BLOCKS Myosin (Myosin=Binding site of Actin) -Troponin + Tropomyosin= Position Change Then Actin can bind with Myosin

  10. Muscle Contraction Cont. STEPS OF CONTRACTION 1) Nerve cell forms neuroplastic junction and releases Ca++ 2)Ca++ forms ACh which binds with sarcolemma 3)ACh binds releasing Na --> Depolarizes 4)Ca++ is released 5) Sliding filament theory Actin binds with Myosin

  11. Muscle Contraction Cont. 6) Ca++ removes from cytoplasm 7) Tropomyosin blocks actin site

  12. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CepeYFvqmk4

  13. Properties All-Or-None Principle -Response independent to stimulus strength Tetany -Muscle seizure caused by low calcium Fatigue -Tiredness due to overexertion; to much energy need rest

  14. Connections Muscle --> Nervous System -Synapsis send signals to muscle to contract Muscle --> Circulatory System -Muscle contractions pump blood through body Muscle --> Skeletal System -Maintains structure of bones

  15. DISEASES

  16. Diseases • Myopathy- skeletal muscle; causes weakness and atrophy; caused by old age and drugs • Chronic Fatigue Syndrome-muscle fatigue; headaches, sore throats, muscle and joint pain • Fibromyalgia-pain, fatigue. Found more often in women than in men; Ages 20-50.

  17. Diseases • Muscle Dystrophy-weakness; muscle degrades and fat replaces it. • Dermatomyositis-inflammation of muscle tissues; found more often in women than in men.

  18. Disease • Polymyositis-inflammation of connective tissues; weakening of muscles and atrophy • Rhabdomyolysis-muscle fiber breakdown; Fibers --> circulatory system; Kidney problems • Compartment Syndrome- Compression of nerves and blood vessels; Causes pressure and swelling.

  19. MADE BY Jessica Kronberg Daniel Grant Doug Cassetta Frank Liang

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