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Chapter 8

Chapter 8. Other Errors of Grammar. What you should know…. Sentence Fragments Subject & verb Must be able to stand independently My dog barks like a neurotic maniac. sentence Because my dog barks like a neurotic maniac. fragment. What you should know…. Double Negative

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Chapter 8

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  1. Chapter 8 Other Errors of Grammar

  2. What you should know….. • Sentence Fragments • Subject & verb • Must be able to stand independently • My dog barks like a neurotic maniac. • sentence • Because my dog barks like a neurotic maniac. • fragment

  3. What you should know….. • Double Negative • I don’t got no money. • Careful with the following negatives – hardly; but; scarcely; seldom; rarely, etc • I don’t have hardly any money.

  4. What you should know….. • Omission of Necessary Words • Helping verbs need to fit main verbs • My sister has and always will BOSS me around. • My sister always has bossed and will boss me around. • Prepositions need to fit • I am happy and saddened by your news. • I am happy about and saddened by your news.

  5. OMISSION OF NECESSARY WORDS, CONT. • Two elements that are compared need to be equivalent. • Matty’s cooking is better than any chef. • Matty’s cooking if better than the cooking of any other chef. • Her cooking is disgusting, unlike her husband. • Her cooking is disgusting unlike her husband’s cooking, which is delicious.

  6. What you should know…. • Indirect & Direct Questions • Direct questions: • End in question mark • Verb usually comes before subject • Did you bring my money? • Indirect questions: • End in period • Verb usually comes after subject • I asked if you brought my money.

  7. The Tricky Stuff….. • Like and As • Like = preposition (followed by object) • As = conjunction (followed by clause) • Like I told you, I don’t like cream cheese. • As I told you, I don’t like cream cheese. • Like my students, I don’t get enough sleep.

  8. The Really Tricky Stuff:who, which, and that -- restrictive & nonrestrictive clauses WHO: refers to single human or group thought of as individuals WHICH/THAT: refers to group thought of as a group • the students who • the team that

  9. The Really Tricky Stuff:who, which, and that -- restrictive & nonrestrictive clauses RESTRICTIVE CLAUSE: identifies & defines; gives necessary information • who/that • no commas NONRESTRICTIVE CLAUSE: describes & adds information • who/which • set off by commas • The lasagna that is out on the counter smells bad. • The smelly lasagna, which Fabio made, made me sick.

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