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Introducing Evolution

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This lesson investigates how populations change over time through the study of fossil records. Fossils provide crucial evidence, showing various types such as casts, molds, imprints, and petrified remains. We explore dating methods, including relative dating based on rock layers and radiometric dating techniques like Carbon-14 and Potassium-40. Additionally, we discuss the origin of life, from abiogenesis to the development of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Despite gaps in the fossil record, it offers significant insights into the history of life on Earth.

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Introducing Evolution

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  1. Introducing Evolution

  2. Objectives: SOL BIO.8a-d • TSW investigate and understand how populations change through time, including: • Examining fossil records

  3. Fossils • Any evidence of an organism that lived long ago.

  4. Types of Fossils • Cast • Mold • Trace fossils • Imprints • Petrified fossils • Frozen or Amber

  5. Dating Fossils • Relative Dating • Rock layers are put down in order • Oldest on bottom, youngest layers on top • Radiometric Dating • Carbon-14 (50,000 years or less) • Potassium-40 (1.3 billion years – 50,000 years)

  6. Why Use Fossils? • Scientists have used the fossil record to construct a history of life on Earth. • Earth’s life forms appeared 3.5 billion years ago • Fossil record is not complete, but pretty good for general information

  7. The Origin of Life on Earth • Abiogenesis – life from non-living things • Disproven by Redi and Pasteur • Primordial Soup – natural processes formed early organic compounds • Miller-Urey experiment • Bubble Theory – formed protocells • Stanley Fox

  8. Redi & Pasteur

  9. The Origin of Cells • Prokaryotes – Archaebacteria (1st cells) • Eukaryotes – endosymbiont hypothesis • Separate DNA in chloroplasts and mitochondria • Both organelles the same size and shape of bacteria

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