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Understanding Bus Systems in Computer Architecture

Explore the evolution and intricacies of internal and external bus systems like ISA, EISA, VLB, PCI, AGP, USB, and Firewire. Learn about compatibility, bandwidth, and device card usability.

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Understanding Bus Systems in Computer Architecture

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  1. Most popular bussystems • Internal • ISA / EISA • VLB • PCI • AGP • External • USB • Firewire

  2. ISA (1980)(Industry Standard Architecture ) • 8-bit bus • 16-bit bus (compatible to 8-bit)

  3. ISA (1980)(Industry Standard Architecture ) • Graphiccards • Controllercards (storage) • Networkcards (MoDem, LAN) • Soundcards • Serial & parallel ports (com, lpt) • Replaced in new systems (PCI-bus)

  4. EISA (1988)(Extended Industry Standard Architecture ) • Extension of ISA-Standart • Bus-Mastering (direct communication between cards) • Mainly used in Servers or network-hosts • Compatible to ISA-Standart 32-bit EISA slot 16-bit ISA slot

  5. Vesa-Local-Bus (VLB) (1992)(Video Electronics Standard Association) • Compatible to ISA-standart • 32-bit bus • Mainly used for graphic- and videocards • extension of the 486 processor/memory bus (only used in 486er systems) • Not established due to PCI-system in connection with the Pentium-CPUs.

  6. PCI (1993) (Peripheral Component Interconnect) • Actual system standart • 32 and 64 bit bus (with Bus-Mastering) • First system controlled by the mainboards chipset • Usable for nearly all device cards

  7. AGP (1997)(Accelerated Graphics Port) • 64 bit bus • Used only for graphiccards • different modes: • 1x standart • 2x double data rate per clock • 4x quad data rate per clock • ability to share the main system memory with the video chipset

  8. External Bus Systems • USB 1.1 • USB 2.0 • Firewire 1 (i-link, IEEE 1394) • Firewire 2

  9. USB 1.1 / 2.0(Universal Serial Bus) • Hot plug Capability • Hot swap (PNP) • Built-in in all newer PCs • Built-in Power supply • Bandwith (max.): USB 1.1: 12Mbit / sec USB 2.0: 480Mbit / sec

  10. Firewire 1 & 2 Without power supply With power supply • Hot plug capability • Hot swap (PNP) • Requires additional controller • Built-in Power supply • Bandwith (max.): Fw 1: 100 / 200 / 400 Mbit / sec Fw 2: up to 3,2 Gbit / sec

  11. Thanks for listening • Feel free to ask questions

  12. Sources • http://www.pcguide.com/ref/mbsys/buses/types/index-i.htm • http://burks.brighton.ac.uk/burks/pcinfo/hardware/bios_sg/types.htm • http://dmoz.org/Computers/Hardware/Buses/ • http://www.datareferral.com/pcbustypes.htm • http://directory.google.com/Top/Computers/Hardware/Buses/ • http://a1computers.net/pcbustyp.htm • http://pcbug.org/hardware/equip/slottypes.htm • http://www.cs.dartmouth.edu/~cs37/lectures/lecture27/io7.htm • http://www.usb.org/developers/data/devclass/termt10.pdf • http://a1computers.net/TABLES1.HTM • http://www.interworx.com.au/users/matthewm/index.html • http://dmoz.org/Computers/Hardware/Buses/faq.html • http://www.dallascoach.com/bustype.html

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