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Islam ABC Book. John Avila Period 6 10/11/09. A for Abbasid. The Abbasid Caliphate was the third of the Islamic Caliphates of the Islamic Empire. It was ruled by the Abbasid dynasty of caliphs. B for Bedouins.
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Islam ABC Book John Avila Period 6 10/11/09
A for Abbasid • The Abbasid Caliphate was the third of the Islamic Caliphates of the Islamic Empire. It was ruled by the Abbasid dynasty of caliphs.
B for Bedouins • The Bedouin are a predominantly desert-dwelling Arab ethnic group. Found throughout most of the desert belt extending from the Atlantic coast of the Sahara via the Western Desert, Sinai, and Negev to the Arabian Desert.
C for Caliph • The Caliph is the head of state in a Caliphate, and the title for the leader of the Islamic Ummah. It means “successor or “representative”.
D for Dome of the Rock • The earliest surviving Islamic monument. It is on the spot which Muslims say Muhammad ascended to heaven to learn of Allah’s will.
E for Edict • An edict is the same as a law in Islam.
F for Five Pillars of Islam • Confession of Faith • Prayer five times a Day • Charity to the needy • Fasting during the month-long Ramadan • Pilgrimage to Mecca at least once during one’s lifetime
G for God • Muslims believe in the same God as Christians and Jews. They give him the name “Allah” instead of God.
H for Hindu Revival • Muslims, despite Indian influences, held to the tenets of Islam. The Hindu response, open to all individuals and castes, led to an increased emphasis on devotional cults of gods and goddesses.
I for Islam • The religion articulated by the Qur’an, a book considered by its adherents to be the verbatim word of the single incomparable God.
J for Jihad • It means “struggle”. This refers to both the struggle to be a better Muslim and the struggle against non-believers.
K for Kaaba • A cube like building in Mecca, Saudi Arabia, and is the most sacred site in Islam. The building predates Islam, and, according to Islamic tradition, the first building at the site was built by Abraham.
L for Life of Muhammad • Muhammad was meditating in a cave outside of Mecca when a voice of an angel, Gabriel, to him that he was the “messenger of Allah”. We went to heaven to learn Allah’s will
M for Mecca • This is where Mohammad was from and it’s a sacred city.
N for Neglected Gods • Some tribes recognized a supreme deity, Allah, but paid little attention. They instead focused on spirits associated with nature.
O for Origin of Islam • The origin of Islam is generally accredited to the prophet Muhammad but to the devout Muslim, Islam began long before Muhammad ever walked the earth. The Qur'an testifies of itself that it was given by God through the angel Gabriel to the prophet Muhammad.
P for Poets • Arab material culture, because of isolation and the harsh environment, was not highly developed. The main focus was of creativity was in orally transmitted poetry.
Q for Qu’ran • The Qu’ran is the holy book of Islam. Muslims live according to its guidelines.
R for Religious Trends • Muslims insisted that the Qu’ran was the all-embracing source of knowledge. Many made a movement a central factor in the continuing the expansion of Islam
S for Sunni/ Shi’ite • Sunni- majority in most Muslim countries. They believe you can have a direct relationship with God. • Shi’ite- Ali is Muhammad’s true successor. 12 Imams are mediators between God and his followers.
T for Terrorism • Some Muslims use terrorism to make people believe in Islam. Ex. 9/11
U for Umayyad • The second of the four Islamiccaliphates established after the death of Muhammad. It was ruled by the Umayyad dynasty, whose name derives from Umayya ibn Abd Shams, the great-grandfather of the first Umayyad caliph.
V for Veiling • Women veil to cover their faces. It is illegal to look at another women if you are married.
W for Weaknesses of the Adversary Empires • The weak Sasanian Empire was ruled by an emperor manipulated by a landed, aristocratic class the exploited the agriculture masses.
X for 0.9 X 0.3 • Arabic numerals we use today and out decimal system come from early Islamic civilization.
Y for Yathrib • This is the city where Mohammad and his followers moved when they lift Mecca.
Z for Zoroastrianism • The religion and philosophy based on the teachings ascribed to an individual named Zoroaster after whom the religion is named. In Zoroastrianism, the Creator Ahura Mazda is all good, and no evil originates from Him.
