CHAPTER 1 LESSON 1

1. IMPORTANCE OF ANIMAL PRODUCTS AND ITS PROCESSING CHAPTER 1 LESSON 1

2. ANIMAL PRODUCT ANY MATERIAL DERIVED FROM THE BODY OF AN ANIMAL. EXAMPLES ARE FAT, FLESH, BLOOD, MILK, EGGS AND LESSER KNOWN PRODUCTS SUCH AS ISINGLASS AND RENNET

3. GENERALLY, PRODUCTS MADE FROM FOSSILIZED OR DECOMPOSED ANIMALS SUCH AS PETROLEUM FORMED FROM THE ANCIENT REMAINS OF MARINE ANIMALS ARE NOT CONDIDERED ANIMAL PRODUCTS.

4. CROPS GROWN IN SOIL FERTILIZED WITH ANIMAL REMAINS ARE RARELY CHARACTERIZED AS ANIMAL PRODUCT.

5. ANIMAL BY PRODUCT ARE CARCASSES AND PARTS OF CARCASSES FROM SLAUGHTERHOUSES, ANIMAL SHELTERS, ZOOS AND VETERINARIANS, CATERING WASTE (ALL WASTE FOOD FROM RESTAURANTS, CATERING FACILITIES, CENTRAL KITCHENS AND HOUSEHOLD KITCHENS).

6. ANIMAL BY PRODUCT THESE PRODUCTS AMY GO THROUGH A PROCESS KNOWN AS “RENDERING” TO BE MADE INTO HUMAN AND NON-HUMAN FOODSTUFFS, FATS, AND OTHER MATERIAL THAT CAN BE SOLD TO MAKE COMMERCIAL PRODUCTS SUCH AS COSMETIC, PAINT, CLEANERS, POLISHES, GLUE, SOAP AND INK.

8. FOOD BLOOD. (ESPECIALLY IN THE FORM OF BLOOD SAUSAGE) BLOOD SAUSAGE IS A TYPE OF FOOD MADE BY COOKING BLOOD OR DRIED BLOOD UNTIL IT IS THICK ENOUGH TO CONGEAL WHEN COOLED. USED IN ASIA, EUROPE, AFRICA, AND THE AMERICANS FROM PIG, CATTLE, SHEEP, DUCK AND GOAT.

9. FOOD 2. BONE (INCLUDING BONE CHAR, BONE MEAL) BONE CHAR (LATIN: CARBO ANIMALIS) IS A POROUS, BLACK, GRANULAR MATERIAL PRODUCED BY CHARRING ANIMAL BONES.

10. FOOD 3. CASEIN (FOUND IN MILK AND CHEESE) THESE PROTEINS ARE COMMONLY FOUND IN MAMMALIAN MILK, MAKING UP 80% OF THE PROTEINS IN COW MILK AND BETWEEN 20% AND 45% OF THE PROTEINS IN HUMAN MILK.

11. FOOD 4. DAIRY PRODUCTS ( E.G., MILK, CHEESE, YOGURT) DAIRY PRODUCT IS A FOOD PRODUCED FROM THE MILK OF MAMMALS. DAIRY PRODUCTS ARE USUALLY HIGH ENRGY-YIELDING FOOD PRODUCTS.

12. FOOD 5. EGGS (LAID BY DIFFERENT ANIMALS HEN, REPTILES) EGG YOLKS AND WHOLE EGGS STORE SIGNIFICANT AMOUNTS OF PROTEIN AND CHOLINE, AND ARE WIDELY USED IN COOKERY. DUE TO THEIR PROTEIN CONTENT.

13. FOOD 6. GELATIN ANIMAL PROTEIN SUBSATNCE HAVING GEL-FORMING PROPERTIES, USED PRIMARILY IN FOOD PRODUCTS AND HOME COOKERY, ALSO HAVING VARIOUS INDUSTRIAL USES.

14. FOOD 7. HONEY A SWEET FOO DMADE BY BEES USING NECTAR FROM FLOWERS.

15. FOOD 8. ISINGLASS A SUBSTANCE OBTAINED FROM THE DRIED SWIM BLADDERS OF FISH. IT IS A FORM OF COLLAGEN USES MAINLY FOR THE CLARIFICATION OF WINE AND BEER.

16. FOOD 9. L-CYSTEINE (FROM HUMAN HAIR AND PIG BRISTLES) IT IS USED IN THE PRODUCTION OF BISCUITS AND BREAD

17. FOOD 10. LARD A PIG FAT IN BOTH ITS RENDERED AND UNRENDERED FORMS. IT WAS COMMONLY USED IN MANY CUISINES AS A COOKING FAT OR AS A SPREAD SIMILAR TO BUTTER.

18. FOOD 11. MEAT (INCLUDING FISH,POULTRY) ANIMAL FLESH THAT IS EATEN AS FOOD, THE ANIMALS SUCHS AS CHICKENS, SHEEP, PIGS AND CATTLE ARE DOMESTICATED DUE TO THEIR USE IN MEAT PRODUCTION ON AN INDUSTRIAL SCALE.

19. FOOD 12. RENNET (COMMONLY USED IN THE PRODUCTION OF CHEESE) IT IS A COMPLEX OF ENZYMES PRODUCED IN ANY MAMMALIAN STOMACH, AND IS OFTEN USED IN THE PRODUCTION OF CHEESE.

20. FOOD 13. SHELLAC IS A RESIN SECRETED BY THE FEMALE LAC BUG, ON TREES IN THE FORESTS OF INDIA AND THAILAND. IT IS PROCESSED AND SOLD AS DRY FLAKES WHICH ARE DISSOLVED IN ETHANOL TO MAKE LIQUID SHELLAC AND THEN USED AS A BRUSH-ON COLORANT

21. FOOD 14. SWIFTLET’S NEST (MADE OF SALIVA) THE EDIBLE-NEST SWIFTLET IS A SMALL BIRD OF THE SWIFT FAMILY WHICH IS FOUND IN SOUT-EAST ASIA. ITS NEST IS MADE OF SOLIDIFIED SALIVA AND IS USED TO MAKE BIRD’S NEST SOUP.

22. FOOD 15. WHEY WHEY OR MILK SERUM IS THE LIQUID REMAINING AFTER MILK HAS BEEN CURDLED AND STRAINED. IT IS A BY-PRODUCT OF THE MANUFACTURE OF CHEESE OR CASEIN AND HAS SEVERAL COMMERCIAL USES.

23. NON-FOODSTUFF ANIMAL FIBER ARE NATURAL FIBERS THAT CONSIST LARGELY OF PARTICULAR PROTEINS. INSTANCES ARE SILK, HAIR/FUR (INCLUDING WOOL) AND FEATHERS.

24. NON-FOODSTUFF 2. AMBERGRIS (ALLOWING THE SCENT TO LAST MUCH LONGER) IT IS A SOLID, WAXY, FLAMMABLE SUBSTANCE OF A DULL GREY OR BLACKISH COLOR PRODUCED IN THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM OF SPERM WHALES. USED IN PERFUME ETC.

25. NON-FOODSTUFF 3. CASTROREUM THESE ARE SECRETION OF THE BEAVER WHICH IS USED IN PERFUMES AND POSSIBLE IN FOOD FLAVORING.

26. NON-FOODSTUFF 4. EJACULATE (USED IN ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION) IS THE DELIBERATE INTRODUCTION OF SEMEN INTOA FEMALE’S VAGINA OR OVIDUCT FOR TH EPURPOSE OF ACHIEVING A PREGNACY THROUGH FERTILIZATION BY MEANS OTHER THAN COPULATION.

27. NON-FOODSTUFF 5. FUR IS USED IN REFERENCE TO THE HAIR OF ANIMALS, USUALLY MAMMALS, PARTICULARLY THOSE WITH EXTENSIVE BODY HAIR COVERAGE. IT IS USED AS CLOTHING AND/OR DECORATION. .

28. NON-FOODSTUFF 6. FEATHERS ONE OF THE EPIDERMAL GROWTHS THAT FORN THE DISTINCTIVE OUTER COVERING ON BIRDS USES: FEATHERS ARE SOFT AND EXCELLENT AT TRAPPING HEAT; THUS THEY ARE SOMETIMES USED IN HIGH-CLASS BEDDING, ESPECIALLY PILLOWS, BLANKETS, AND MATTRESSES. AND ALSO USED A S FILLING FOR WINTER CLOTHING AND OUTDOOR BEDDING, SUCHA S QUILTED COATS AND SLEEPING BAGS, ETC.

29. NON-FOODSTUFF 7. HORN (INCLUDING ANTLERS) A HORN IS A POINTED PROJECTION OF SKIN ON THE HEAD OF VARIOUS ANIMALS CONSISTING OF A COVERING OF KERATINA ND OTHER PROTEINS SURROUNDING A CORE OF LIVE BONE. USES: MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS, DRINKING VESSELS, FURNITURE, DECORATION, BUTTIONS ARE USUALLY MADE FROM DEER ANTLERS NOT TRUE HORN. ANTELOPE HORN ARE USED IN TRADITIONAL CHINESE MEDICINE

30. NON-FOODSTUFF 8. LEATHER IS A DURABLE AND FLEXIBLE MATERIAL CREATED BY THE TANNING OF ANIMAL RAWHIDE AND SKIN, OFTEN CATTLE HIDE USES LEATHER IS USED FOR VARIOUS PURPOSES INCLUDING CLOTHING, BOOKBINDING, LEATHER WALLPAPER, AND AS A FURNITURE COVERING.

31. NON-FOODSTUFF 9. MANURE ANIMAL MANURE IS OFTEN A MIXTURE OF ANIMAL FECES AND BEDDING STRAW, WHICH IS AN ORGANIC MATTER USED AS ORGANIC FERTILIZER IN AGRICULTURE

32. NON-FOODSTUFF 10. PEARL A PEARL IS A HARD OBJECT PRODUCED WITHIN THE SOFT TISSUE OF A LIVING SHELLED MOLLUSC. THE FINEST QUALITY NATURAL PEARLS HAVE BEEN HIGHLY VALUED AS GEMSTONES AND OBJECTS OF BEAUTY FOR MANY CENTURIES

33. NON-FOODSTUFF 11. SCALES A RIGID PLATE WHICH GROWS OUT OF THE SKIN OF VARIOUS ANIMALS. IS USED IN NAIL POLISH, EYE SHADOW, BLUSH ETC.

34. NON-FOODSTUFF 12. SPONGES THESE ARE ANIMALS OF THE PHYLUM PORIFERA. THEY ARE MULTICELLULAR ORGANISMS THAT HAVE BODIES FULL OF PORES AND CHANNELS ALLOWING WATER TO CIRCULATE THROUGH THEM. EARLY EUROPEANS USED SOFT SPONGES FOR MANY PURPOSES, INCLUDING PADDING FOR HELMETS, PORTABLE DRINKING UTENSILS AND MUNICIPAL WATER FILTERS.

35. NON-FOODSTUFF 13. VENOM (SNAKES, SCORPIONS) IT IS THE TOXIN USED BY VENOMOUS ANIMALS. VENOM IS INJECTED INTO VICTIMS BY MEANS OF A BITE, STING OR OTHER SHARP BODY FEATURE. IT IS USED TO PRODUCE HUMAN AND VETERINARY ANTIVENIN

36. NON-FOODSTUFF 14. WOOL IS THE TEXTILE FIBER OBTAINED FROM SHEEP AND CERTAIN OTHER ANIMALS, INCLUDING GOATS, RABBITS,A ND FROM CAMELIDS ETC. USES IN CLOTHING, WOOL HAS BEEN USED FOR BLAMKETS, HORSE RUGS, SADDLE CLOTHS, CARPETING, FELT ETC.

37. NON-FOODSTUFF 15. SILK (FROM SILK WORM) SILK IS A NATURAL PROTEIN FIBRE, SOME FORMS OF WHICH CAN BE WOVEN INTO TEXTILES. THE PROTEIN FIBRE OF SILK IS COMPOSED MAINLY OF FIBROIN AND PRODUCED BY CERTAIN INSECT LARVAE TO FORM COCOONS. USES IT IS OFTEN USED FOR CLOTHING SUCH AS SHIRTS, TIES, BLOUSES, FORMAL DRESSES, HIGH FASHION CLOTHES, LINING, PAJAMAS, ROBES, DRESS SUITS AND SUN DRESSES.

38. NON-FOODSTUFF 16. TORTOISESHELL IS A MATERIAL PRODUCED FROM THE SHELLS OF THE LARGER TORTOISE AND TURTLE. USES: IT WAS USED, NORMALLY IN THIN SLICES OR PIECES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF A WIDE VARIETY OF ITEMS SUCH AS COMBS, SMALL BOXES AND FRAMES AND INLAYS IN FURNITURE AND OTHER ITEMS, FRAMES FOR SPECTACLES, GUITAR PICKS AND KNITTING NEEDLES