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© David Last

38th ILA Convention and Technical Symposium October 13-15, 2009 Portland, Maine USA. Crime, GNSS Jamming & Enhanced Loran. Professor David Last Consultant Engineer & Expert Witness. © David Last. TomTom Car Navigator GPS receiver + Computer. Picture: www.tomtom.com. © David Last.

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© David Last

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  1. 38th ILA Convention and Technical Symposium October 13-15, 2009 Portland, Maine USA Crime, GNSS Jamming & Enhanced Loran Professor David Last Consultant Engineer & Expert Witness © David Last

  2. TomTom Car Navigator GPS receiver + Computer Picture: www.tomtom.com © David Last

  3. Plot of addresses extracted from TomTom car navigator © David Last

  4. Multiple timed and dated tracks © David Last

  5. Vehicle tracking system © David Last

  6. Vehicle tracking system Checks to establish quality of evidence © David Last

  7. How accurate is it, then? “95% of GPS position measurements will lie within 5 metres of the true position” provided … • GPS receiver operating OK • Installation OK • Has acquired satellites • Aerial can see sky • No blockages • No reflections • No interference Scatter plot: http://www.gral-gju.org/examples.php © David Last

  8. GPS Jammer © David Last

  9. Picture: http://www.globalgadgetuk.com/yo50G.htm © David Last

  10. GPS satellite radiates 100W • From 20,000km range • Illuminates 38% of Earth • eg Europe + Africa + Atlantic Picture: Professor Durk van Willigen © David Last

  11. GPS Jammer - Spectrum © David Last

  12. GPS & Mobile Phone Jammer © David Last

  13. GSM 900MHz DCS 1800MHz GPS 1575MHz 3G 2150MHz © David Last

  14. 2 Watt GPS & Mobile Phone Jammer Pictures: http://www.gpsjammers.net/gmw08.html , http://www.gla-rrnav.org/pdfs/GPS_Jamming_and_the_impact_on_maritime_navigation.pdf © David Last

  15. GPS Jammer – GPS band Picture: http://galileo.khem.gov.hu/documents/angol/technikai_dokumentumok/status_of_galileo_frequency_and_signal_design.pdf © David Last

  16. GPS Jammer – GPS & Galileo bands Picture: http://galileo.khem.gov.hu/documents/angol/technikai_dokumentumok/status_of_galileo_frequency_and_signal_design.pdf © David Last

  17. GPS Jammer – GPS, Galileo & GLONASS bands © David Last

  18. L1 L2 GPS jammer for both L1 and L2 © David Last

  19. Options to mitigate jamming and spoofing • Datatrak • Tracker • Dead-reckoning • Enhanced Loran Picture: http://www.tayx.co.uk © David Last

  20. Enhanced Loran (eLoran) • On earth, high-powered • Different from GPS! • Digital • 10m accuracy, precise time Pictures: Mitchell Narins, Federal Aviation Administration; Reelektronika bv © David Last

  21. So … where are we headed? • GPS evidence vital in vehicle crime • Forensic use of GPS growing rapidly • GNSS-based systems now under attack • Enhanced Loran is The Answer! © David Last

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