A Naked turbine for harsh environments

1. A Naked turbine for harsh environments 2011 Wind Diesel Workshop

2. CONTENTS • Background • Design drivers • Technology • Status • Conclusions International Wind-Diesel Conference |

3. 3E • Renewable Energy & Energy Efficiency Consultancy • Based in Brussels, Belgium • Presence in China, Turkey, South-Africa and France • Services in Wind • Site screening, feasibility, resource assessments and data analysis • Design & technical advisory • Due diligence • Monitoring & continuous performance optimization • Targeted services for project developers, investors, lenders • www.3E.eu International Wind-Diesel Conference |

4. 3E ACTIVITIES IN HYBRID POWER SYSTEMS • Focusing on feasibility studies, system dimensioning and system integration • Projects in Vietnam, Mali, Cambodia, Antarctica, Haiti, Cape Verde… International Wind-Diesel Conference |

5. 3E HYBRID POWER PROJECTS • Timbuktu, Mali • System characteristics • Village community • Retrofit wind-diesel system • Electricity tariff 15 ¢€/kWh • Utility unwilling to expand • 3E tasks • Wind resource assessment • Technical-economic feasibility • Technical project plan International Wind-Diesel Conference |

6. 3E HYBRID POWER PROJECTS • Sihanoukville, Cambodia • System characteristics • - Main harbour in the country • Retrofit wind-diesel system • Low-wind speeds • 3E tasks • Wind resource assessment • Selection of system configuration • Tendering procedure International Wind-Diesel Conference |

7. 3E HYBRID POWER PROJECTS • Polar Station, Antarctica • System characteristics • - Stand-alone research base • PV-wind-diesel system • 100% renewable • 3E tasks • System design • Component selection • Detailed engineering International Wind-Diesel Conference |

8. TURBINES ON REMOTE LOCATIONS • Issues 3E has come across as hybrid-power system integrator • 1. Overall investment cost is still too high • Custom engineering adding on to the total cost • Complex BOP components further increase cost • Foundations in uncooperative soils can drive the cost up • Transport & installation often overlooked and exorbitant • 2. Reliability still an issue • Wind turbines do need maintenance • Lack of ownership, especially in less developed regions • 3. Yield at low-windspeed sites could be better • Turbines are installed close to load centres • We need low-windspeed rotors that can cope with extreme conditions International Wind-Diesel Conference |

9. DESIGN FOR REMOTE LOCATIONS • Design criteria throughout the development process INCREASED ROBUSTNESS PRE-ENGINEER & PRE-PACKAGE OPTIMISED LOGISTICS LOW-WINDSPEED AERODYNAMICS LOWER INVESTMENT COST LOWER OPERATIONAL COST HIGHER YIELD International Wind-Diesel Conference |

10. A RADICALLY NEW TURBINE • XANT: Xtremely Austere, Nimble yet Tough International Wind-Diesel Conference |

11. ELIMINATING THE DRIVE TRAIN INCREASES ROBUSTNESS XANT Drive Train Direct-drive generator Permanent magnet rotor One set of bearings One single rotating component Modular stator Benefits Lower parts count No need for alignment Easy repair & replacement International Wind-Diesel Conference |

12. SIMPLIFY CONTROL & ELECTRONICS XANT Control Eliminated active servo systems Reduction of number of sensors Electronics in controlled environment Benefits Reliability through fewer connections Less Maintenance International Wind-Diesel Conference |

13. INCLUDE BOP IN SCOPE OF SUPPLY XANT integrated BOP Integrated dump-load & storage One single interface Benefits Smooth grid-side output No need for custom-engineering Less commissioning errors International Wind-Diesel Conference |

14. XANT HALVES COST OF TRANSPORT XANT Logistics Transport in 40-foot container Limited component weights Benefits Avoided heavy equipment during installation Suitable for complex terrain and remote sites International Wind-Diesel Conference |

15. OFF-THE-SHELF COMPONENTS & STANDARD MANUFACTURING FOR GLOBAL SOURCING XANT components Standard tubes for structural components Standard blade manufacturing techniques Off-the-shelf bearings and yaw-drive components Innovative but not exotic Benefits Capex reduction by global sourcing Supply chain control by multiple supplier strategy International Wind-Diesel Conference |

16. AVOID USE OF EXPENSIVE CRANES XANT Tower Tilt-up guyed tower On-site assembly Erection without crane Benefits No crane needed for installation and maintenance Lightweight and Low cost Smaller foundations Lower tower shadow and noise International Wind-Diesel Conference |

17. SWEPT PLANFORM BLADES REDUCE LOADS WHILE STABILISING YAW MOTION XANT Rotor Swept-planform blades Standard manufacturing technique Benefits Load reduction Noise reduction Stable yaw behaviour Innovative “looks” International Wind-Diesel Conference |

18. A POWER CURVE THAT PEAKS WHERE IT MATTERS XANT-21 Power Curve High up in 7-11m/s range Drop off above 20m/s Benefits Increased energy capture International Wind-Diesel Conference |

19. DEVELOPMENT CYCLE & STATUS XANT-21 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 International Wind-Diesel Conference |

20. CONCLUSIONS • Bring the project cost down • by reducing the cost of engineering: “a few sizes fits all” • by reducing the cost of transport & installation • by reducing the cost of BOP components • Expand the market beyond these niche markets of industrialised regions with high COE to the developing world • We need very reliable turbines that require minimal maintenance • We need turbines optimised for low wind-speed sites that can cope with extreme conditions International Wind-Diesel Conference |

21. CONTACT DETAILS Werner Coppye 3E Vaartstraat 61 1000 Brussels Werner.Coppye@3e.eu +32 476 55 28 10 Alex De Broe 3E Vaartstraat 61 1000 Brussels Alex.DeBroe@3e.eu +32 485 57 92 32 International Wind-Diesel Conference |