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Today s Discussion: 1Eukaryotes vs. Prokaryotes 2Plant vs. Animal

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Today s Discussion: 1Eukaryotes vs. Prokaryotes 2Plant vs. Animal

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    1. Today’s Discussion: 1)Eukaryotes vs. Prokaryotes 2)Plant vs. Animal

    2. Size of Living Things

    3. Two basic types of cells Prokaryotes -Almost always single-celled -Reproduce by binary fission (we’ll cover this term in February). -No cell nucleus or any other membrane-bound organelles i.e. DNA travels openly around the cell. All bacteria are prokaryotes. Eukaryotes -Can either be single-celled or multi-celled. -Can reproduce in one of several ways (Ex. meiosis, mitosis). -Have cell nucleus within containing its DNA.

    4. Prokaryotic Cells: The details Pro-, “before”, karyon, “nucleus” Believed to be the first cells to evolve. Lack a membrane bound nucleus and organelles. Genetic material is naked in the cytoplasm Ribosomes are only organelle.

    5. Eukaryotic Cells (eu-, “true”, karyon, “nucleus”) Genetic material contained in a nuclear membrane. Membrane bound organelles. Evolved from prokaryotic ancestor.

    6. Comparison of Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic Cells

    9. ANIMAL CELLS

    10. Cytoplasm Function: a molecular matrix in which the organelles are suspended Consists of cytosol and organelles, except for the cell nucleus. Cytosol is made up of water, salts, organic molecules and many enzymes that catalyze reactions.

    11. Cytoskeleton Functions: Multiple Maintains cell SHAPE Protects the cell Enables some cell MOVEMENT (using structures such as flagella and cilia) Plays important roles in intra-cellular transport (the movement of vesicles and organelles) Plays important role in cellular DIVISION

    12. Centrioles & Centrosomes

    13. Cilia & Flagella Functions: • External appendages from cell membrane • Aid in locomotion of the cell. • Internal structure consists of microtubules. • Motility > coordinated sliding movements of microtubules.

    14. Organelles: Ribosome Function: Make proteins Can be found alone in the cytoplasm, in groups called polyribosomes, or attached to the endoplasmic reticulum.

    18. Nucleus Function: Separates the genetic material (DNA) from the rest of the cell. DNA, the genetic material, is a blueprint, or code for making proteins.

    19. Saccules are flattened vesicles.Saccules are flattened vesicles.

    23. Now we will discuss the organelles specific to plant cells

    26. Cell Wall Function: Provides support and protection to the cell membrane Found outside the cell membrane in plant cells

    27. What is the difference between these two?? http://www.cellsalive.com/cells/cell_model.htm

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