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Understanding Double Replacement Reactions in Chemistry

Learn about double replacement reactions, precipitate formation, gas production, and solubility rules in chemistry. Discover how to identify and represent chemical changes, with examples and explanations. Get ready for upcoming tests and assignments.

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Understanding Double Replacement Reactions in Chemistry

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  1. March 17, 2010 • Get a h/w page, Organization tree w/s, and a solubility rules page • Complete the Warm up at your table (Single replacement and combustion) • You will need paper and something to write with • Today we will be discussing: “How do you recognize and represent chemical changes?” Important Dates: 4/2: Reaction Test Homework: Double Replacement W/S

  2. Double Replacement • Double Replacement Reactions: • A reaction which involves the exchange of ions between two compounds • AB + CD → AD + CB • Ca(OH)2(aq) + 2HCl(aq) → CaCl2(aq) + 2H2O(l) • 2NaOH(aq) + CuCl2(aq) → 2NaCl(aq) + Cu(OH)2(s)

  3. Double Replacement Predicament • All in aqueous solutions! • 3 types of Double Replacement reactions • Formation of precipitate • Formation of water • Formation of a product which decomposes into a gas

  4. Formation of Precipitate • Solubility rules!!!!! • AB(aq) + CD(aq) → AD(aq) + CB(s) • NaCl(aq) + AgNO3(aq) → AgCl(s) + NaNO3(aq) • BaCl2(aq) + Na2SO4(aq) → ? • BaCl2(aq) + Na2SO4(aq) → BaSO4(s) + 2NaCl(aq) • Na2SO4(aq) + CaCl2(aq) → ? • Na2SO4(aq) + CaCl2(aq) → CaSO4(s) + NaCl(aq)

  5. Formation of Water • Between Acids and Bases (H+/OH-) • HX(aq) + YOH(aq) → XY(aq) + H2O(l) • HCl(aq) + NaOH(aq) → NaCl(aq) + H2O(l) • H2SO4(aq) + Mg(OH)2 → ? • H2SO4(aq) + Mg(OH)2 → MgSO4(aq) + H2O(l) • H3PO4(aq) + KOH → ? • H3PO4(aq) + KOH → K3PO4 + H2O(l)

  6. Formation of a product which decomposes into a Gas • Three products will decompose into gasses: • H2CO3 → CO2(g) + H2O(l) • NH4OH → NH3(g) + H2O(l) • H2SO3 → SO2(g) + H2O(l) • CaCO3(s) + HCl(aq) → H2CO3(aq) + CaCl2(aq) • NaOH(aq) + NH4Br(aq) → NaBr(aq) + NH4OH(aq) • H2CO3 → CO2(g) + H2O(l) • NH4OH → NH3(g) + H2O(l)

  7. Miscellaneous • Some DR can create gases without decomposition of a product • Not very common, but they do occur • HCl(aq) + FeS(s) → FeCl2(aq) + H2S(g) • NaCN(aq) + HCl(aq)→ NaCl(aq) + HCN(g)

  8. Double Replacement Reactions • AsCl3(aq) + H2S(aq) → ? • 2AsCl3(aq) + 3H2S(aq) → As2S3(s) + 6HCl(aq) • HCl(aq) + CaCO3(aq) → ? • 2HCl(aq) + CaCO3(aq) → CO2(g) + CaCl2(aq) + H2O(l) • FeCl3(aq) + NaOH(aq) → ? • FeCl3(aq) + 3NaOH(aq) → Fe(OH)3 + 3NaCl(aq) • H2SO4 + KOH → ? • H2SO4 + 2KOH → 2H2O(l) + K2SO4(aq) • HNO3 + Ca(CN)2 →? • 2HNO3+ Ca(CN)2→2HCN + Ca(NO3)2

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