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Project of upgrade of the DA  NE accelerator and the associated programme

This project aims to upgrade the DANE accelerator and associated program in Frascati, Italy, to improve energy range, luminosity, and physics prospects. It includes the use of existing infrastructure, new technologies, and applications of DANE runs for R&D purposes. Physics prospects include high energy program, time-like form factors, hadronic cross-section measurement, radiative decays, and kaonic nuclear physics.

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Project of upgrade of the DA  NE accelerator and the associated programme

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  1. Project of upgrade of the DANE accelerator and the associated programme Patrizia Rossi - INFN-Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati (ITALY) JINR Programme Advisory Committee for Particle Physics 25th meeting, Dubna 20 April 2006

  2. PRESENT AND NEXT FUTURE e+e- COLLIDERS LNF (Frascati) ADA 1960-1962 ADONE 1969-1993 DANE 1998-2009 DANAE: DAfne New - Adjustable Energy PHI-factory + Wide energy range High luminosity at PHI energy

  3. Use of DANE builbings • Use of DANE infrastructures • Use of DANE injection system + upgrade of transfer lines • Use of large part of magnets, diagnostics • NEW • Dipoles • Wigglers • RF system • Vaccum chamber • Interaction region Application of new technologies Use of DANE runs for R&D while increasing L for next experiments DANAEEnergy and Luminosity Range

  4. PHYSICS PROSPECTS AT LNF WITH DANAE • High Energy Program • Time-Like Form Factors • (http://www.lnf.infn.it/conference/nucleon05/FF/) • Measurement of the nucleon and hyperons ( and ) form factors • Hadronic cross section measurement • Vector meson spectroscopy • Radiative decays of excited vector meson (hep-ex/0603056) •  physics • High Luminosity Program • K physics • (http://www.lnf.infn.it/kloe/kloe2) • Ks rare decays • Neutral kaon interferometry • , ’ physics • Kaonic nuclear physics • (http://www.lnf.infn.it/esperimenti/siddharta/LOI_AMADEUS_March2006.pdf) • Study of deeply bound kaonic nuclear states

  5. DANTE: DAnae Nucleon Time-like form factor Experiment http://www.lnf.infn.it/conference/nucleon05/FF/ Letter of Intent by 82 physicist from 25 institution in 8 countries: http://www.lnf.infn.it/conference/nucleon05/loi_06.pdf Very positive feedback from the international community at the Workshop on Nucleon Form Factors, 12-14 October 2005, Frascati

  6. Rosenbluth polarization Linear deviation from dipole GE≠GM • Different charge and magnetization distributions • Quark angular momentum contribution? • - In the space-like region recent results obtained with polarized beam completely changed our knowledge showing a dramatically different picture. The charge and magnetization distribution inside the nucleon are different Hadron Electromagnetic Form Factors • FFs are fundamental quantities describing the internal structure of the hadron (# point-like). In a P- and T-invariant theory, the EM structure of a particle of spin S is defined by 2S+1 form factors. • FFs are closely connected with the generalized parton distribution (GPDs) the new non-perturbative formalism which gives a complete description of the nucleon structure, and are used to constraint GPDs models. • FFs are important ingredient in a wide range of experiments, from neutrino physics to many other measurements involving nucleons. • Since the Stern experiment in 1932 indicating that the proton was not a point-like particle they have been extensively measured but: • - In the time-likeregion they are still pratically unknown Space-likeFFs arereal, time-likeare complex and they are connected bydispersion relations

  7. |GM| |GM| • Early pQCD scaling |GM| ~ Q-4 • Time-like FF larger than space-like Assumption:GE=0 Assumption: |GE|=|GM | NEUTRON DATA neutron ~4 times the proton extrapolation pQCD predicts the limit |GMn|≈(qd/qu)2 |GMp|= | GMp|/4 Ebeam (GeV) NucleonTime-like FFs PROTON DATA • Steep behaviour close threshold

  8. Anomalous behavior in total cross section BaBar found steps in total cross section at s =2.2 and 2.9 GeV

  9. Nucleon Time-Like FFs measurements FF extraction from cross section measurements in e+e- N N and p p  e+e- s=4M2|GM|=|GE| s>>4M2|GM|>>|GE| • Up to now, no independent extraction of both TL FFs has been performed • FF measurements are based on total cross section, under some theoretical assumption on their ratio |GM| can be more easily extracted, but it’s model-dependent |GE| remains unmeasured

  10. |GEp|/|GMp| DANAE Ebeam (GeV) Summaryzing:Nucleon Time-like FFS are basically unknown • |GE|  |GM| in the space-like region (recent Jlab results). Why should be valid in the time-like region? • Phases of time-like FFs never measured • Only one measurement for neutron magnetic FF • Inconsistencies between data and pQCD expectations

  11. Smaller cross section as for nucleon production: sTOT~ 0.1 nbarn Hyperon Form Factors • Y Y final state could be identified by detecting the decay of one hyperon • Angular distributions  moduli of FF • For weakly decaying hyperons (L(1116), S±(1189)) the polarization measurement does not require a polarimeter (can be studied by looking at the angular distribution of the decay products)

  12. 1 m The DANE detectors KLOE FINUDA • DETECTOR REQUIREMENTS • high detection acceptance for charged and neutral particles • good neutron detection efficiency • polarimeter

  13. proton neutron Nucleon FF measurement: projected accuracy Integrated luminosity  700- 1000 pb-1 (~6 months measurements) • Projected data assuming • |GE| = |GM| or |GE|/|GM| from DR • Integrated luminosity =100 pb-1 • Constant detection efficiency =80% • fit of angular distributions in • the FINUDA coverage • F(q)=A(1+cos2q)+Bsin2q Statistical error of the order of few percent for all the 4 nucleon FFs in the whole explored region • Projected data assuming • |GE| = |GM| or |GE|=0 • Integrated luminosity =100 pb-1 • Constant detection efficiency =15% • fit of angular distributions in • the FINUDA coverage • F(q)=A(1+cos2q)+Bsin2q

  14. The complex phases of the FFs in the TL region make it possible for a single outgoing baryon to be polarized in e+e-BB even without polarization in the initial state - Induced polarization • extraction of FF relative phase • non negligible polarization • Py maximal at 45° and 135° • high discriminating power between theories For ΔP/P 30 %: ~ 1 year measurement (total luminosity 2500 pb-1 )

  15. VEPP2000 • max energy ~ 1 GeV per beam, luminosity ~ 1032 cm-2 s-1 • pp and nn measurement • start run ~ 2007 • BEPC • energy range ~ 2.4-4.2 GeV, luminosity ~ 1033 cm-2 s-1 • only pp measurement • start run ~ 2007 • PANDA-PAX • inverse reaction pp → e+e- (no neutron measurement) • single and double polarization measurements • start run >2013 DANAE proton neutron s (GeV) 2.0 2.4 4.2 MN Competitors

  16. DANAE impact on R Threshold region: 2m - 0.5 GeV 2 fb-1 @ 1 GeV (ISR events) stat < 1%  peak region (0.5 - 1 GeV) DANE and VEPP2M have measured the hadronic total cross section at a percent level (even if there are discrepancies at about ±5% level). Babar is going to release its results No significant improvement from DANAE 1-2.5 GeV energy region Is the most poorly known (~15% uncertanty) and contributes ~40% to (M2z) Significant improvement from DANAE  (M2z) Other measurements made possible with DANAE @ high energy • Study of angular asymmetry in pp (nn) distributions •  look for 2-photon contribution • Precision test of the SM: Measurement of the total cross section e+ e-→hadronsto get the hadronic contribution to (M2z) and  Request: R ~1% in the whole energy range from threshold to 

  17. BaBar DM2 E687 @ FNAL e+ e-→ 3p+ 3p- e+ e-→ 3p+ 3p- g p → p 3p+ 3p- M~ 2mN Discrepancy in  • New vector meson? • NN bound state? (baryonium) _ Other measurements made possible with DANAE @ high energy • The search and study of narrow vector mesons in the 1-2.4 GeV mass range • Several evidences of narrow (<100 MeV), unespected structures like for istance in • e+ e-→3+3 - , e+ e-→2+2 - 20 , e+ e-→+ - 20 , e+ e-→2+2- • and the corresponding channels in diffractive photoproduction, near the NNbar threshold

  18. DANAE tentative schedule(C. Biscari - Workshop on DISCOVERIES IN FLAVOUR PHYSICS AT e+e- COLLIDERS, Frascati, February 28 2006) • To CDR and Project approval (2006) • To + 1 year call for tender • To + 2 years construction and delivery • To + 3 years DANE decommissioning and DANAE installation • To + 4 years 1st beam for commissioning and for 1st experiment (2010)

  19. The proposed experiment will allow: • Accurate measurement of pp and nn cross section • model-independent extraction of proton and neutron FFs • at the few percent level for the proton and < 10% for the neutron. • First measurement of outgoing proton (neutron) polarization •  relative phase between GE and GM • Firstmeasurement of Λ (Σ)baryon production (including polarization) •  strange baryon FF - - Conclusions • A new project for an e+e- storage ring collider at the LNF (Italy) based on the actual DAFNE  factory, is been developping. • The new machine will be amplified in energy and luminosity and it is designed to run in two modes: • High energy (up to 1.2 GeV energy per beam) • High luminosity (up to 1033 cm-2 sec-1 @ ) For both cases interesting physics programs has been proposed • One of these is themeasurement of the time-like nucleon and hyperon form factors

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