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CRITICAL PATHWAY ANALYSIS FOR RADIOLOGICAL IMPACT CONTROL AND ASSESSMENT

CRITICAL PATHWAY ANALYSIS FOR RADIOLOGICAL IMPACT CONTROL AND ASSESSMENT. Riaz Akber. r.akber@qut.edu.au. SOURCE – RECEPTOR RELATIONSHIP IN NORM IMPACT ASSESSMENT. Receptor. Source. SOURCE – RECEPTOR RELATIONSHIP IN NORM IMPACT ASSESSMENT. Radiation. Receptor. Source. Radioactivity.

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CRITICAL PATHWAY ANALYSIS FOR RADIOLOGICAL IMPACT CONTROL AND ASSESSMENT

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  1. CRITICAL PATHWAY ANALYSIS FOR RADIOLOGICAL IMPACT CONTROL AND ASSESSMENT Riaz Akber r.akber@qut.edu.au

  2. SOURCE – RECEPTOR RELATIONSHIP IN NORM IMPACT ASSESSMENT Receptor Source

  3. SOURCE – RECEPTOR RELATIONSHIP IN NORM IMPACT ASSESSMENT Radiation Receptor Source Radioactivity

  4. SOURCE – RECEPTOR RELATIONSHIP IN NORM IMPACT ASSESSMENT Radiation Receptor Source Radioactivity Environment

  5. SOURCE – RECEPTOR RELATIONSHIP IN NORM IMPACT ASSESSMENT Radiation Receptor Source Radioactivity Environment Human

  6. SOURCE – RECEPTOR RELATIONSHIP IN NORM IMPACT ASSESSMENT Radiation Receptor Source Radioactivity Environment Human Professional Public

  7. SOURCE – RECEPTOR RELATIONSHIP IN NORM IMPACT ASSESSMENT Radiation Receptor Source Radioactivity Environment Human Professional Public On site Off site

  8. SOURCE – RECEPTOR RELATIONSHIP IN NORM IMPACT ASSESSMENT Radiation Receptor Source Radioactivity Environment Human Professional Public On site Off site Working in Shifts, Adults Critical group

  9. IMPACT TIME SERIES OF A PRACTICE INVOLVING NORM Time

  10. Operation Post Rehabilitation Pre - Operation Rehabilitation IMPACT TIME SERIES OF A PRACTICE INVOLVING NORM Time

  11. Operation Post Rehabilitation Pre - Operation Rehabilitation IMPACT TIME SERIES OF A PRACTICE INVOLVING NORM Impact Time

  12. Operation Post Rehabilitation Pre - Operation Rehabilitation IMPACT TIME SERIES OF A PRACTICE INVOLVING NORM Impact Time

  13. Operation Post Rehabilitation Pre - Operation Rehabilitation IMPACT TIME SERIES OF A PRACTICE INVOLVING NORM Limit Impact Time

  14. Operation Post Rehabilitation Pre - Operation Rehabilitation IMPACT TIME SERIES OF A PRACTICE INVOLVING NORM Limit Impact Time

  15. Operation Post Rehabilitation Pre - Operation Rehabilitation IMPACT TIME SERIES OF A PRACTICE INVOLVING NORM Limit Impact Time

  16. Operation Post Rehabilitation Pre - Operation Rehabilitation Break through IMPACT TIME SERIES OF A PRACTICE INVOLVING NORM Limit Impact Time

  17. Operation Post Rehabilitation Pre - Operation Rehabilitation Break through IMPACT TIME SERIES OF A PRACTICE INVOLVING NORM Limit Slow Release Impact Time

  18. Operation Post Rehabilitation Pre - Operation Rehabilitation Break through IMPACT TIME SERIES OF A PRACTICE INVOLVING NORM Recovery Limit Slow Release Impact Time

  19. Operation Post Rehabilitation Pre - Operation Rehabilitation IMPACT TIME SERIES PLEASE CONSIDER …. Time

  20. Pre - Operation A different land use exists – ask locals Operation Post Rehabilitation Rehabilitation IMPACT TIME SERIES PLEASE CONSIDER …. Time

  21. Pre - Operation A different land use exists – ask locals Operation Post Rehabilitation Rehabilitation IMPACT TIME SERIES PLEASE CONSIDER …. Establish a base-line value for NORM and NORM impact Time

  22. Pre - Operation A different land use exists – ask locals Operation Post Rehabilitation Rehabilitation IMPACT TIME SERIES PLEASE CONSIDER …. Establish a base-line value for NORM and NORM impact Include NORM management in consultative process such as EIS. Time

  23. Operation Rehabilitation A different land use exists – ask locals On-site access can be regulated Post Rehabilitation Pre - Operation IMPACT TIME SERIES PLEASE CONSIDER …. Establish a base-line value for NORM and NORM impact Include NORM management in consultative process such as EIS. Time

  24. Operation Rehabilitation A different land use exists – ask locals On-site access can be regulated PPT, Training Spillage & contamination controls Monitoring regimes Post Rehabilitation Pre - Operation IMPACT TIME SERIES PLEASE CONSIDER …. Establish a base-line value for NORM and NORM impact Include NORM management in consultative process such as EIS. Time

  25. Operation Rehabilitation A different land use exists – ask locals On-site access can be regulated PPT, Training Spillage & contamination controls Monitoring regimes NORM budget – input, output, waste Post Rehabilitation Pre - Operation IMPACT TIME SERIES PLEASE CONSIDER …. Establish a base-line value for NORM and NORM impact Include NORM management in consultative process such as EIS. Time

  26. Operation Rehabilitation A different land use exists – ask locals On-site access can be regulated PPT, Training Spillage & contamination controls Monitoring regimes NORM budget – input, output, waste Assess off-site impact of NORM Post Rehabilitation Pre - Operation IMPACT TIME SERIES PLEASE CONSIDER …. Establish a base-line value for NORM and NORM impact Include NORM management in consultative process such as EIS. Time

  27. Operation Rehabilitation A different land use exists – ask locals On-site access can be regulated PPT, Training Spillage & contamination controls Monitoring regimes NORM budget – input, output, waste Assess off-site impact of NORM Include NORM in planning – operational plans, rehabilitation plans, walk-away plans Post Rehabilitation Pre - Operation IMPACT TIME SERIES PLEASE CONSIDER …. Establish a base-line value for NORM and NORM impact Include NORM management in consultative process such as EIS. Time

  28. Operation Rehabilitation A different land use exists – ask locals On-site access can be regulated PPT, Training Spillage & contamination controls Monitoring regimes NORM budget – input, output, waste Assess off-site impact of NORM Include NORM in planning – operational plans, rehabilitation plans, walk-away plans Research your options Post Rehabilitation Pre - Operation IMPACT TIME SERIES PLEASE CONSIDER …. Establish a base-line value for NORM and NORM impact Include NORM management in consultative process such as EIS. Time

  29. Operation Post Rehabilitation Rehabilitation A different land use exists – ask locals On-site access can be regulated PPT, Training Spillage & contamination controls Monitoring regimes NORM budget – input, output, waste Assess off-site impact of NORM Include NORM in planning – operational plans, rehabilitation plans, walk-away plans Research your options Decisions to be made, actions and to be taken during operational phase Pre - Operation Establish a base-line value for NORM and NORM impact Include NORM management in consultative process such as EIS. Time

  30. Operation Post Rehabilitation Rehabilitation A different land use exists – ask locals On-site access can be regulated PPT, Training Spillage & contamination controls Monitoring regimes NORM budget – input, output, waste Assess off-site impact of NORM Include NORM in planning – operational plans, rehabilitation plans, walk-away plans Research your options Decisions to be made, actions and to be taken during operational phase Include NORM in consultative process for post rehabilitation land use Pre - Operation Establish a base-line value for NORM and NORM impact Include NORM management in consultative process such as EIS. Time

  31. Operation Post Rehabilitation Rehabilitation A different land use exists – ask locals On-site access can be regulated PPT, Training Spillage & contamination controls Monitoring regimes NORM budget – input, output, waste Assess off-site impact of NORM Include NORM in planning – operational plans, rehabilitation plans, walk-away plans Research your options Decisions to be made, actions and to be taken during operational phase Include NORM in consultative process for post rehabilitation land use Research your options – consider scenarios Pre - Operation Establish a base-line value for NORM and NORM impact Include NORM management in consultative process such as EIS. Time

  32. Operation Post Rehabilitation Rehabilitation A different land use exists – ask locals On-site access can be regulated PPT, Training Spillage & contamination controls Monitoring regimes NORM budget – input, output, waste Assess off-site impact of NORM Include NORM in planning – operational plans, rehabilitation plans, walk-away plans Research your options Decisions to be made, actions and to be taken during operational phase Include NORM in consultative process for post rehabilitation land use Research your options – consider scenarios Develop an action plan for post-rehabilitation site maintenance Pre - Operation Establish a base-line value for NORM and NORM impact Include NORM management in consultative process such as EIS. Time

  33. Operation Post Rehabilitation Rehabilitation A different land use exists – ask locals On-site access can be regulated PPT, Training Spillage & contamination controls Monitoring regimes NORM budget – input, output, waste Assess off-site impact of NORM Include NORM in planning – operational plans, rehabilitation plans, walk-away plans Research your options Decisions to be made, actions and to be taken during operational phase Include NORM in consultative process for post rehabilitation land use Research options – consider scenarios Develop an action plan for post-rehabilitation site maintenance Pre - Operation Establish a base-line value for NORM and NORM impact Include NORM management in consultative process such as EIS. Time

  34. LAYERS OF ASSESSMENT IN NORM RISK / DETRIMENT DOSE RECEPTOR TRANSPORT NORM SOURCE

  35. LAYERS OF ASSESSMENT IN NORM Taken from International Standards RISK / DETRIMENT DOSE Measurement Model RECEPTOR TRANSPORT NORM SOURCE

  36. LAYERS OF ASSESSMENT IN NORM Field measurements and observations Sample collection for lab analysis Written records Discussions RISK / DETRIMENT DOSE RECEPTOR TRANSPORT NORM SOURCE

  37. LAYERS OF ASSESSMENT IN NORM Controlled by the nature of the radioisotope involved and transport medium (air, surface water, ground water) Transport models applied to a problem may agree within a factor of 10 Complicated models may not necessarily be more accurate and reliable than simple models Most important is the need for site specific measurements for model input and model validation RISK / DETRIMENT DOSE RECEPTOR TRANSPORT NORM SOURCE

  38. LAYERS OF ASSESSMENT IN NORM Selection of parameters leading to a conservative approach adequate for demonstrating compliance with limits. A best estimate approach for comparison of options in decision making. Vector transport may require a consideration. RISK / DETRIMENT DOSE RECEPTOR TRANSPORT NORM SOURCE Different transport pathways may be more important for different sites (eg downwind vs. downstream) Some pathways may exhibit with a time lag (eg groundwater)

  39. LAYERS OF ASSESSMENT IN NORM Factors such as occupancy, age and lifestyle and activities can influence the dose estimate. Report conditions for which the dose has been reported (eg inhalation dose due to all time outdoor occupancy by juveniles in a town 10km from the site) For post rehabilitation planning, consider different demographic scenarios. RISK / DETRIMENT DOSE RECEPTOR TRANSPORT NORM SOURCE

  40. LAYERS OF ASSESSMENT IN NORM Taken from International Standards Dose limits apply to practices RISK / DETRIMENT DOSE Measurement Model RECEPTOR TRANSPORT NORM SOURCE

  41. LAYERS OF ASSESSMENT IN NORM Link between Dose and Risk is subject to uncertainties and may change with time RISK / DETRIMENT DOSE RECEPTOR TRANSPORT NORM SOURCE

  42. CRITICAL PATHWAY ANALYSIS FOR RADIOLOGICAL IMPACT CONTROL AND ASSESSMENT Riaz Akber r.akber@qut.edu.au

  43. NORM is everywhere 238U + series (14) 232Th + series (11) 235U + series (15) 40K 7Be , many more … UNSCEAR 2000 Table 3 p 114 http://www.unscear.org/pdffiles/annexb.pdf Naturally occurring radionuclides : 59 Cosmogenic 14, Lithogenic 45

  44. NORM is everywhere NORM

  45. NORM is everywhere NORM

  46. NORM is everywhere NORM Remedial actions may be necessary

  47. NORM is everywhere NORM Remedial actions may be necessary TENORM Regulatory controls apply

  48. NORM is everywhere RADIATION ATLAS EU Ambient distribution of NORM does give a significant radiation dose to individuals. UNSCEAR 2000 Para 197 p 112 Global average for all people 2.4 mSv.y-1

  49. NORM is everywhere RADIATION ATLAS EU Ambient distribution of NORM does give a significant radiation dose to individuals. UNSCEAR 2000 Para 197 p 112 Global average for all people 2.4 mSv.y-1 25% < 1 mSv.y-1 65% 1-3 10% >3

  50. NORM is everywhere RADIATION ATLAS EU Ambient distribution of NORM does give a significant radiation dose to individuals. There is a natural variability in NORM distribution UNSCEAR 2000 Para 197 p 112 Global average for all people 2.4 mSv.y-1 25% < 1 mSv.y-1 65% 1-3 10% >3

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