A Case of the “ ism”s

1. A Case of the “ism”s

2. Askin’ All Them Questions • Alfred Mahan • USS Maine • Big Stick Diplomacy • Square Deal • Dollar Diplomacy • Federal Reserve Board • Bull Moose

3. A Case of the “ism”s…Causes of WW1 • Nationalism • Deep devotion to country • Countries not over territorial losses • France: Alsace-Lorraine • Austria-Hungary: Balkans • Imperialism • Competition for colonies in Africa and Asia • Militarism • Glorification of military • All European nations had strong standing armies • Entangling Alliance(isms) • Otto von Bismarck used war to unite people…now wants to maintain peace • France is his biggest threat • Triple Alliance • Germany • Italy • Austria-Hungary • Russia later

4. Take Me Out… • Balkans • Archduke Franz Ferdinand • Austria issues ultimatum… • Full support of Germany • Still declares war in 1914

5. http://www.history.com/videos/causes-of-world-war-i#causes-of-world-war-ihttp://www.history.com/videos/causes-of-world-war-i#causes-of-world-war-i

6. Two Sides of War… • Central Powers • Allied Powers

7. Pit Stop • Triple Entente • Franz Ferdinand • Black Hand Society

8. Walking the Line • Central Powers • Triple Entente • American Public • Sides with _______________

9. Blood Money • Recession 1914 • Pulled out of by Britain and France • JP Morgan loans them 2.3 billion • Lusitania • British passenger ship • Sunk by German U-Boats • Thought they were carrying ammo • 128 Americans die • Germany vows to stop targeting passenger boats without warning • Doesn’t want US involved • Sussex • French merchant ship • Wilson issues ultimatum • Stop targeting civilian ships or we are breaking off relations • Germans agree if Wilson persuades Allies to relieve blockade of Germany

10. Askin’ All Them Questions • Triple Entente • Isms of WW1 • Franz Ferdinand • Lusitania • Sussex Pledge

11. Americans Form Into Groups • Germany invades Belgium • Neutral country • Commit atrocities • Gets Americans interested • Yellow journalism • Groups of Americans • Isolationists • This isn’t any of our business • Interventionists • War does affect our interests • Internationalists • Americans should be involved in negotiating a peace settlement

12. What’s Going on in Europe • Britain blockades Germany • Anaconda strategy • Only on contraband items • Contraband • Items necessary to fight a war • Non-contraband • Food, medical supplies • Britain broadens definition of contraband

13. What’s Going on in Europe • Britain’s blockade is very successful • German citizens are starving • Unrestricted submarine warfare, Jan. 1917 • In response to British blockade • Defeat Britain before America could mobilize

14. He Kept Us Out of War…Election of 1916 • Charles Hughes (R) • Supreme Court justice • Bull Moose Party dies because TR refuses to run • Platform • Condemned Underwood Tariff • Condemned “assaults” on trusts • Condemned Wilson’s wishy-washyness towards Germany • Flip-flopper • Woodrow Wilson (D) • Hughes will put us into war • Like “Rough Riders” • Appealed • Working class • Bull Moose • Isolationists • Results • Really close • 3,800 votes in CA decided election

15. Wilson Gets Ready • Wilson doesn’t want war, but he ain’t stupid • Starts to get American military ready • National Defense Act • Naval Construction Act • Critics think that he is provoking Germany to target us

16. Germany Be StartinSomethin • __________________, Jan. 1917 • In response to British blockade • Defeat Britain before America could mobilize • ______________, February 1917 • Continued submarine warfare • Declaration of war, April 1917

17. Selling the War • Isolationists • 60 Senators voted against war • 50 Representatives against war • Midwest unconcerned about submarine warfare • Selling the War

18. Manipulating Minds • First war with public advertising • George Creel • Sold the war @ home • Sent thousands to speak around the country • Propaganda posters • Pamphlets • Songs • Movies

19. Over There…

20. Silencing Critics…the American Way? • Some discrimination against German Americans • Espionage Act & Sedition Act

21. Silencing Critics • Results of Espionage & Sedition Acts • Many labor leaders arrested • Debs • 1,900 prosecuted • Schenck v. United States

22. Factories go to War • Wilson tries to stop economic confusion with ______________ • Disbanded shortly after armistice • Controlled

23. Labor During War • National War Labor Board • Industrial Workers of the World • Great Migration

24. The War Economy • Treasury Department • War bonds = Liberty loans • 2/3 of income • Raised taxes • Prohibition • Restricted use of foodstuffs for alcohol • German heritage leads sentiment

25. The War Economy • Food Administration • Herbert Hoover • Charitable drive to feed people of Belgium • Voluntary compliance • People were urged to be patriotic • Victory gardens • Fuel Administration • Heatless Mondays • Lightless nights • Gasless Sundays

26. Ploughboys into Doughboys • Doughboy • America needs to send troops or western front will collapse • Conscription Law

27. Ploughboys into Doughboys • Results • Army grew to 4,000,000 • 360,000 evaders • 4,000 were allowed CO • Women were allowed to go • African Americans were allowed • Segregated units • Supposed to get 8 months, but usually got shorter

28. George Creel • Why did we got to war? • What were the groups of American opinion about World War 1? • Isms that caused World War 1 • Zimmerman Note • Why did Germany do unrestricted submarine warfare?

29. How Were American Workers Affected? • Women entered the labor force for the first time • Why? • Jobs • Nurses • Factory workers • So What? • Convinces Wilson that Women’s Suffrage is a good idea • 19th amendment • Womens right to vote

30. Askin’ All Them Questions • Great Migration • Industrial Workers of the World • Wilson’s war aims • Bernard Baruch • George Creel • Allied Powers • Effect of WW1 on women • Schenck v. United States

31. http://www.history.com/topics/world-war-i/videos#wwi-firsts

32. The Original Doughboy

33. PSD • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5v33jF5TGLw

34. Askin’ All Them Questions • Alfred Mahan • USS Maine • Big Stick Diplomacy • Square Deal • Dollar Diplomacy • Federal Reserve Board • Bull Moose • Triple Entente • Isms of WW1 • Franz Ferdinand • Lusitania • Sussex Pledge • Zimmerman Telegram • Espionage and Sedition Acts

35. Russia Deuces Out • 1st Revolution, March 1917 • Russia faces heavy losses during the war • Bolshevik Revolution • Russia ____________________ • Central Powers’ favor

36. Different Kind of Warfare • Trench warfare • ______________ • __________ Warfare • _____________ • Mustard gas

37. Trench Warfare Video • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SUCaqptNqKM

38. “Into this pit of death and deception came the United States, in the spring of 1917. Mutinies were beginning to occur in the French army. Soon, out of 112 divisions, 68 would have mutinies; 629 men would be tried and condemned, 50 shot by firing squads. American troops were badly needed.”

39. Over There… • Russia collapses and withdraws from WW1 • Took about 1 year after declaration for America to be fully mobilized • First Deployments • Replace Allied units • To prevent Russia from total collapsing

40. Fighting in France • Spring 1918 • Germany moving forward with 500,000 troops • ___________ named supreme Allied commander • Unifies forces • May 1918 • July 1918

41. Fighting in France • September 1918 • 243,000 Americans join French in driving Germans back • Sept. – Nov. 1918 • Jack Pershing • Alvin York

42. Askin’ All Them Questions • Black Jack Pershing • Black Hand Society • Isms of WW1 • George Creel • Schenck v. United States

43. Victory in Sight • Americans are in danger of running out of their supplies • Good Signs

44. Germany Surrenders! • Can the Kaiser • November 11, 1918 • Parties around the world/clock

45. America’s Contributions • USA’s contributions • US’s Army depended on Europe for • Supplies • Manufacturing • Transport

46. Pit Stop • Meuse-Argonne • Lusitania • Zimmerman Telegram • Doughboys • George Creel

47. Wilson’s Sexy and He Knows It… • Popularity is high in the US and abroad • Mitigating circumstance • Republicans maintain this slim majority after Nov. 1918 elections

48. Wilson’s Sexy and He Knows It… • Wilson v. Republicans • Wilson did not allow a Republican into his peace delegation • (R) wanted Henry Cabot Lodge to go • He and Wilson hated each other

49. Wilson’s Fourteen Points • Given during the war to ensure that America was just • Plan for ______________________________ • Very idealistic • Important points

50. People v. the 14th Points • Wilson was seen as the moral leader of the Allies • Demoralized Allies because of promises of self-determination • Some Allied nations didn’t like them • ?????