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The Impact of Climate Change and Human Activity on Biodiversity and Agriculture

Explore the complex relationship between climate change, biodiversity, and agriculture. Learn how alligator gender is affected by temperature, the longevity of queen termites, and the effects of ocean acidification on marine life. Understand urbanization's pressures on rural landscapes, the influence of sustainable practices in farming, and innovative aquaculture techniques. Discover solutions such as bioremediation, selective logging, and crop rotation to mitigate environmental harm and promote ecological balance.

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The Impact of Climate Change and Human Activity on Biodiversity and Agriculture

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  1. Friday, Mar 21st, 2014 • Did you know… • Alligators give birth to females in cold temperatures & to males when it's hot. • A queen termite can live up to 50 yrs.

  2. Do Now: Mar 21st • Which effect of climate change do you think is the worst for Earth? Explain why you think that. • What causes the acidification of oceans? • Why is water acidification bad for the environment?

  3. YouTube Friday • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cZO9tMetxno • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qhm7-LEBznk

  4. Land Use Percent Use in United States How Humans Use This Land Type

  5. Biodiversity • Wide variety of natural species • High biodiversity = more stable • Able to recover from harmful events

  6. Urban Land vs. Rural Land • Covered w/ buildings & roads • Contains 2,500+ people & has a governing body (e.g., city council) • Large open areas • Contains few people

  7. Suburban Sprawl • Development of houses & strip malls that spreads out around major cities

  8. Urbanization Problems Solutions Educate people Laws protecting environment Landfill regulations Barriers to reduce erosion Bioremediation: clean toxic wastes thru orgs • Incr waste & pollution • Destroy natural habitats • Concrete/asphalt incr flooding & heat • Erosion of topsoil

  9. Agriculture • Agriculture = farming • Cultivate land to produce products that sustain human life • 3 Types:

  10. 1. Traditional / Conventional Cons: Pros: High yields = more $ Easier / faster = more $ • Chemical (pesticide, herbicide, & fertilizer) run-off • Tillage: plowing soil incr soil erosion • Monoculture: plant 1 species in field • Easier to care for • BUT easily destroyed by parasites/disease • Depletes nutrients

  11. 2. Sustainable / Organic Cons: Pros: Less tillage = less soil erosion Rotate crops = replaces nutrients Polyculture = plant many species in field Difficult to care for Replaces nutrients Earn more $ when sold locally (less $ on transportation) Recycles waste/compost • More labor • Cost more $ (labor & resources)

  12. 3. Aquaculture / Aquafarming • Farming aquatic orgs (e.g., fish, crustaceans, & aquatic plants)

  13. Aquaponics • Sustainable combination of aquaculture (growing aquatic animals in tanks) & hydroponics (growing plants in water) • By-products from aquaculture filtered out by plants as nutrients

  14. Agriculture Problems Solutions Preserve topsoil Monitor runoff & only use pesticides when necessary • Incr erosion • Topsoil difficult to replace • Pesticides • Pollute water • Insects can become resistant

  15. Deforestation Problems Solutions Selective Logging: pick trees to cut & others to keep Buffer zones: keep trees along stream banks to stabilize shoreline Reforestation: replace trees that have died/been cut down • Clear-cutting: removal of all trees w/o replacing them • Destroys ecosystems • Increases erosion • Why is this? Amazon

  16. Overgrazing Problems Solutions Limiting herd sizes Rotate herds to different rangelands • Too many animals graze an area for too long • Grass is unable to recover • Overgrazed area (left) & ungrazed area (right) on the Carrizo Plain Ecological Reserve, October 2009.

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