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POLYSACCHARIDES

POLYSACCHARIDES. Thousands of sugar monomers joined by glycosidic linkages Chains: straight or branched Storage Polysaccs Starch Glycogen Structural Polysaccs Cellulose Chitin. STARCH. In chloroplasts Made of amylose + amylopectin AMYLOSE α -glucose Straight chain AMYLOPECTIN

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POLYSACCHARIDES

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  1. POLYSACCHARIDES • Thousands of sugar monomers joined by glycosidic linkages • Chains: straight or branched • Storage Polysaccs • Starch • Glycogen • Structural Polysaccs • Cellulose • Chitin

  2. STARCH • In chloroplasts • Made of amylose + amylopectin • AMYLOSE • α-glucose • Straight chain • AMYLOPECTIN • α-glucose • Branched chain

  3. STARCH

  4. GLYCOGEN • In cytoplasm of animal cells • Replenished daily for energy • Like amylopectin – but very highly branched

  5. CELLULOSE • Most abundant organic substance on Earth! • Straight chain • β-glucose, alternating orientation/inverted • Requires special enzymes to digest • Humans: roughage

  6. CHITIN • Second most abundant organic molecule • Similar to cellulose • Contains N • Hard exoskeleton of crustaceans • Contact lenses, stitches

  7. CHITIN

  8. HOMEWORK • Read pages 29-34 • Page 34: #2-6,8,10 • Worksheet

  9. Homework Questions

  10. HOMEWORK ANSWERS • 2. carbonyl(aldehyde), hydroxyl • 3. a) and d) • 4. ketotriose: 3C + ketone on C2, e.g. dihydroxyacetone aldopentose: 5C + aldehyde on C1, e.g. ribose • 5. changes into a ring formation • 6. glycogen + starch are used as energy storage molecules • 8. we do not have the enzymes necessary to digest grass and obtain energy from the bonds • 10. cellulose; keeps intestines clean and running 

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