POETRY

1. POETRY

2. Unstructured • Found poem. • Free verse.

3. Structured • Quatrain / Ballad • Limerick • Acrostic • Concrete • Haiku

4. WORD WALL METAPHOR SIMILE PERSONIFICATION HYPERBOLE IMAGERY ALLITERATION ONOMATOPOEIA

5. A quatrain is a poem or stanza written in four lines. • The quatrain is the most common form of stanza used in poetry. • Usually rhymes. • Can be written in a variety of rhyming patterns.

6. Quatrain Rhyming Schemes • AABB – Lines 1 & 2 rhyme and lines 3 & 4 rhyme. • ABAB – Lines 1 & 4 rhyme and lines 2 & 4 rhyme. • ABBA – Lines 1 & 4 rhyme and lines 2 & 3 rhyme. • ABCB – Lines 2 & 4 rhyme and lines 1 & 3 do not rhyme.

7. Quatrain Example The Lizard The lizard is a timid thing That cannot dance or fly or sing; He hunts for bugs beneath the floor And longs to be a dinosaur By John Gardner

8. Another Example And summer’s warmer winds Have carried you to me Upon the brisk and salty scent Of waves upon the sea

9. Ballads • Ballads are poems that tell a story. • A form or narrative poetry. • Often used in songs and have a very musical quality to them. • Usually sets of quatrains with the rhyming scheme ABAB or ABCB (but not always).

10. Example

11. The Limerick • It's a five line poem. • Establish the rhythm. • Lines 1, 2, & 5 share rhythm and rhyme patterns. • Lines 3 & 4 share rhythm and rhyme patterns. • So the whole poem has a AABBA rhyming scheme. • Think of limerick structure like a joke. • Establish a main character. • Put the character in a situation. • Run the situation out of control. • Resolve with a punch line.

12. A Basic Example There was a young man from Leeds, Who ate a whole packet of seeds, In less than an hour, His nose was a flower And his head was a garden of weeds

13. Definition • A serious limerick is impossible (or just a bad one). • Rhyming scheme • A-A-B-B-A • Such that lines 1, 2 & 5 rhyme. • And lines 3 & 4 rhyme.

14. Rhythm • Lines 1, 2 & 5 should have the same metre (8 syllables). • Lines 3 & 4 should have the same metre (5 or 6 syllables).

15. Read the following limericks. Sound them out using the previous guidelines to help you understand the structure and rhythm. There was a Young Lady whose chin Resembled the point of a pin. So she had it made sharp And purchased a harp, And played several tunes with her chin. Anonymous I once knew a camel named Slump, Who could never quite fill up his hump. The water would leak, From a hole in his cheek, And leave him with only a stump. Sarah Fanny

16. Fill in the Blanks There was a man from Ealing Who liked to hang from the __________. He said, “I can’t wear a __________. But I hang like a __________ And it’s certainly a wonderful __________.”

17. Now You Try I once met a __________ from __________. Everyday s/he __________. But whenever s/he __________. The __________. That strange __________ from __________.

18. Haiku • ‹ An unrhymed Japanese verse consisting of three unrhymed lines of five, seven, and five syllables (5, 7, 5) or 17 syllables in all. • ‹ Written in the present tense • ‹ Focus on nature (but not always) • ‹ Cannot use metaphor or simile

19. The Kigo • Traditional haiku must include a KIGO • A season word, which indicates in which season the Haiku is set. Examples: • – cherry blossoms indicate spring, • – snow indicates winter, • – mosquitoes indicate summer, The kigo isn't always that obvious.

20. History • Derived from tanka 5-7-5-7-7 syllable structure. • (linked elegance) • People played a game in which one person started with the 5–7-5 and another finished with the 7-7. • After a while (a hundred years or so) people started reading just the 5-7-5 originally called the hokku all on its own.