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Vocabulary Workshop

Vocabulary Workshop. Unit 8: #’s 1-20. www.vocabularyworkshop.com. affluence. (n.) wealth, riches, prosperity; great abundance, plenty Synonyms: opulence Education, hard work, and a very strong desire to succeed can raise a person from poverty to affluence . . arrears.

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Vocabulary Workshop

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  1. Vocabulary Workshop Unit 8: #’s 1-20 www.vocabularyworkshop.com

  2. affluence • (n.) wealth, riches, prosperity; great abundance, plenty • Synonyms: opulence Education, hard work, and a very strong desire to succeed can raise a person from poverty to affluence.

  3. arrears • (n., pl.) unpaid or overdue debts; an unfinished duty • Synonyms: in default, in the red, late, overdue Bad spending habits and unexpected expenses left my aunt in arrears.

  4. cascade • (n.) a steep, narrow waterfall; something falling or rushing forth in quantity • (v.) to flow downward (like a waterfall) • Synonyms: (v.) plunge, rush, tumble We were thrilled when we hit the jackpot, which produced a cascade of loudly jangling coins. I watched the clear, sparkling water cascade down the mountainside.

  5. (v.) to shrink back or hide in fear or submissiveness Synonym: flinch, duck, cower, fawn My father told me to be brave and not to cringe when the doctor vaccinated me. cringe

  6. crotchety • (adj.) cranky, ill-tempered; full of odd whims • Synonyms: grumpy, grouchy, crabby, disagreeable It is unfortunate that the teacher asked me to work with the most crotchety partner in the class.

  7. format • (n.) the size, shape, or arrangement of something • Synonyms: layout, design The clear format of the website makes it easy for users to find its key features.

  8. immobile • (adj.) not movable; not moving • Synonyms: fixed, stationary, unmoving, rooted Models must remain immobile for a long time in order for an artist to draw or paint them accurately.

  9. impassable • (adj.) blocked so that nothing can go through • Synonyms: closed, impenetrable Fallen trees formed an impassable barrier across the highway after the storm.

  10. innovation • (n.) something new, a change; the act of introducing a new method, idea, device, etc. • Synonyms: novelty, modernization, new wrinkle Our furnace has an energy-saving innovation that turns the heat on and off at certain intervals.

  11. jovial • (adj.) good-humored, in high spirits; merry • Synonyms: jolly, cheerful, festive My jovial friend is very entertaining and is always the life of the party.

  12. manacle • (n., usually pl.) a handcuff, anything that chains or confines • (v.) to chain or restrain (as with handcuffs) • Synonyms: (v.) put in chains, fetter The kidnappers clamped manacles on their hostages. The guards were told to manacle the prisoner to the chair.

  13. martial • (adj.) warlike, fond of fighting; relating to war, the army, or military life • Synonyms: military, hostile, bellicose The army band plays martial music as the troops formally march past the visiting general.

  14. minimum • (n.) the smallest possible amount • (adj.) the lowest permissible or possible • Synonyms: (adj.) least I need to sleep a minimum of seven hours every night. Sixteen is the minimum age to get a driver’s license in this state.

  15. nimble • (adj.) quick and skillful in movement, agile; clever • Synonyms: lively, keen, flexible As the nimble climber scaled Mount Everest, it looked as if she was barely exerting any energy at all.

  16. onset • (n.) the beginning, start (especially of something violent and destructive); an attack, assault • Synonyms: outset, commencement At the onset of the heavy storm, frightened people ran to find shelter.

  17. partition • (n.) something that divides (such as a wall); the act of dividing something into parts or sections • (v.) to divide or subdivide into parts or shares • Synonyms: (n.) divider, separation A cloth partition in the study gave each of us some privacy. We can partition the backyard into four separate play areas.

  18. perishable • (adj.) likely to spoil or decay • Synonyms: short-lived, fleeting You must keep perishable foods chilled or they will spoil.

  19. retrieve • (v.) to find and bring back, get back; to put right, make good • Synonyms: recover, regain, fetch, remedy, rectify I enjoy playing tennis, but I don’t relish having to retrieve tennis balls every time you hit them over the fence.

  20. sinister • (adj.) appearing evil or dangerous; threatening evil or harm • Synonyms: frightening, menacing, ominous A sinister message left on our answering machine made us wonder if we were safe at home.

  21. taut • (adj.) tightly drawn, tense; neat, in good order • Synonyms: tight, strained, orderly, shipshape A taut chain kept the curious dogs away from the swimming pool.

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