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FEM and Multibody Modelling of Luge Sled

FEM and Multibody Modelling of Luge Sled . Marco Pierini – Università di Firenze – Italy marco.pierini@unifi.it. FASTER. Cooperation UNIFI – FISI (Italian Federation for Winter Sports). Started in 2000 Aim: Make the Sled easier to drive. Objective.

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FEM and Multibody Modelling of Luge Sled

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  1. FEM and Multibody Modelling of Luge Sled Marco Pierini – Università di Firenze – Italy marco.pierini@unifi.it

  2. FASTER Cooperation UNIFI – FISI (Italian Federation for Winter Sports) • Started in 2000 • Aim: Make the Sled easier to drive

  3. Objective • Short period (Salt Lake City Olimpic games: 2002) • Small improvement • Longer period (Torino Olimpic Games: 2006) • FEM and MB Modelling

  4. It has no sense to build a sled that the athlete dos not like!!!! Open problems • Very small know-how No publications on previous work No previous experience in Italy • Translate in “engineering sense” the athlete sensation/feeling

  5. International Luge Federation natural track artificial track

  6. Descent

  7. Some rules • 21-25 kg for a single sled • Controls •  Temperature of the blades •  Weight of the sled •  Overall weight of the athlete • Track • Minimum length 1000 m • Maximum length 1300 m

  8. More Interesting Facts •  Competitions may be held in extreme weather conditions with a temperature as low as – 25°C •  If an athlete loses any item during a run he/she will be disqualified •  The time is measured with an accuracy of 1000th of a second •  In case of snowfall the track is swept after a certain number of athletes •  The athlete has to pass the finish line in contact with his/her sled •  In order to participate in a competition the athletes require a valid license (medical check-up, valid insurance) •  The athlete must wear the FIL safety helmet

  9. Seat Ruuners Blades The Sled Bridges

  10. Seat (also called Pod Seat)

  11. Front bridge

  12. Ruuners and Blades M8

  13. Driving technique

  14. Max Acceleration 6g Max Speed 140 km/h Driving technique

  15. Front View Rear View Vertical Stiffness Transversal Stiffness Vertical & Transversal Stiffness

  16. Keeping in mind the rules!!!! Short period improvement Modify the stiffness to fulfill the requirement of different tracks • Possible variation in the sled Reduction of vibration transmitted to the athlete • Screw torque • Silent-Block Increase transversal stiffness • Steel pull

  17. Change of the stiffness due to: Aim Weight Force Different Sled configuration (FEM) Different tickness of the bridges Position of the Bridges

  18. Different Sled configuration (results)

  19. Different Sled configuration (results)

  20. Steel Pull Aim Increase transversal Stiffness

  21. Ultimate force 8000 N Calculate (FEM) max Force 800 N Traction test

  22. Steel pull

  23. M1=14 Nm M2=19 Nm M3=24 Nm Control of the torque

  24. Control of the torque (results) Torque M2 Torque M1

  25. Silent-block

  26. Silent-block

  27. Force acting on the Silent-block Mass Max Acceleration Silent-block FEM

  28. Silent-block (results)

  29. Short period improvement • Reverse engineering of the Sled • Development of the MB-FEM Aim: development of MB-FEM model able to simulate the descent Steps

  30. CAD Model Reverse Engineering Phisical Model

  31. Software “Anthrocam” Reverse Engineering Instruments “FARO Arm” CAD

  32. Reverse Engineering Very important to use the same reference system

  33. Reverse Engineering Acquisition Techniques • Scanning Mode • Point Mode CAD Model

  34. MB-FE Modeling • MSC Adams Simplied model Accurate model

  35. Center of gravity of athlete Ruuner + Blade Bridges MB-FE Modeling Simplied model Made with rigid body element

  36. MB-FE Modeling Simplied model Interaction between solid Function “Contact” Simulation of contact and friction

  37. MB-FE Modeling Simplied model Use of spheres for the contact

  38. First configuration • 1 DOF • Friction Seconda configuration • No DOF • No Friction • - Lateral Forces F MB-FE Modeling Simplied model

  39. MB-FE Modeling Simplied model General Force: (Lateral Force)

  40. MB-FE Modeling No lateral forces Simplied model

  41. MB-FE Modeling With lateral Forces Simplied model

  42. MB-FE Modeling Accurate model Common characteristics Inertial properties Lateral Forces Spheres to simulate the contact Main differerences All parts are geometrically correct and flexible Silent-block are also modeled

  43. Parasolid FEM model Flexible parts MB-FE Modeling Accurate model CAD Model

  44. MB-FE Modeling Accurate model Adams model

  45. Entrance in the labyrinth MB-FE Modeling Accurate model First Simulation

  46. Turn constant radius MB-FE Modeling Accurate model Second Simulation

  47. Salt Lake City Olympic Games 2002 Armin Zoeggeler. IV Run

  48. Armin Zoeggeler Gold Medal Salt Lake City Olympic Games 2002

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