1 / 36

Health Tips for Ministers

Health Tips for Ministers. Workers’ Meetings South Queensland Conference February 21 2006 Dr Bevan Hokin. Today’s programme. 9:30-10:30 Lifestyle, diet, exercise and diabetes and heart disease 10:30 -11:00 Break 11:00 - 12:00 Vitamin B12 and you

candid
Download Presentation

Health Tips for Ministers

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. Health Tips for Ministers Workers’ Meetings South Queensland Conference February 21 2006 Dr Bevan Hokin

  2. Today’s programme • 9:30-10:30 Lifestyle, diet, exercise and diabetes and heart disease • 10:30 -11:00 Break • 11:00 - 12:00 Vitamin B12 and you • 12:00 - Your results: what do they mean? Your questions

  3. Lifestyle, diet, exercise and diabetes and heart disease • Introduction to the food groups • carbohydrates energy source • fats energy source and storage • protein growth, repair and reproduction • Vitamins and body regulators - minerals metabolic co-factors • Water • Fibre

  4. Energy - body fuels • Cannot be created or destroyed - but it can change its form • Body obtains its energy in the form of chemical energy from the food we eat • Food energy is measured in K Joules (used to be calories: 1 calorie = 4.2 KJoules

  5. Food sources of energy I Food class Calories/gm KJoules/gm • Carbohydrates: 4 17 • Proteins 4 17 • Fats 11 45

  6. How much energy do I need each day?? (K Joules for men by age grouping) Desirable 20-39 40-59 60-79 weight 60 kg 9500-10200 9200-9400 7500-7900 70kg 11300-12100 10400-10600 8300-9000 80kg 13200-14000 11500-12100 9200-10000

  7. How much energy is contained in some common foods? • Apple pie moderate serving 1257 • Baked beans 1 cup 1173 • Banana split with icecream 2095 • Hot cross bun with butter and jam 1264 • Cheese cheddar 1 slice (28 gm) 460 • Cheese omelette (2 eggs) 1089 • KFC average serving 1173

  8. How much energy is contained in some common foods? • Asparagus 6 spears /serving 75 • Weet-bix 1 biscuit 209 • Cabbage 1 cup 126 • Carrot 1 cup raw or boiled 188 • Celery 6 large stalks 63 • Fresh fruit salad -average serving 377 • Green beans fresh or frozen 1 cup 63

  9. Energy content of potato • Plain boiled 1 medium 356

  10. Energy content of potato • Plain boiled 1 medium 356 • Mashed with milk and butter 1/2 cup 398

  11. Energy content of potato • Plain boiled 1 medium 356 • Mashed with milk and butter 1/2 cup 398 • Baked 1 medium 524

  12. Energy content of potato • Plain boiled 1 medium 356 • Mashed with milk and butter 1/2 cup 398 • Baked 1 medium 524 • Roasted 1 medium 922

  13. Energy content of potato • Plain boiled 1 medium 356 • Mashed with milk and butter 1/2 cup 398 • Baked 1 medium 524 • Roasted 1 medium 922 • French fried 8 chips 943

  14. Energy content of potato • Plain boiled 1 medium 356 • Mashed with milk and butter 1/2 cup 398 • Baked 1 medium 524 • Roasted 1 medium 922 • French fried 8 chips 943 (and who eats only 8 chips at a sitting?!)

  15. Food sources of energy II The body can inter-convert carbohydrates, fat and protein CHOFatsProtein So not only is what you eat important, but how much you eat

  16. CHOFatsProtein • Energy cannot be created or destroyed… • Consume more of ANY food than necessary will result in the energy excess having to go somewhere • If it is not ‘burnt’ through exercise it will be stored as fat

  17. Diabetes • Three types; • Type 1 - Insulin dependent. Caused by the pancreas not producing adequate functional insulin • Type 2 - Non-insulin dependent. Body produces insulin, but it cannot be used due to resistance caused by excess stored fat and/or ‘fatty liver’ • Type 3 - Gestational diabetes - a transient (but significant) diabetes which occurs during pregnancy

  18. Type II Diabetes • Lifestyle and diet related • too much refined carbohydrate in diet • too little exercise • overweight

  19. Why is diabetes so serious? • Disease of glucose metabolism with risk of hypo- and hyper-glycaemic attacks • Glycosylation of proteins (including blood cell surfaces) making them ‘sticky’ • Vascular diseases result: increased risk of: • heart disease • renal failure • blindness and deafness • stroke

  20. Prevention of diabetes (Type II) • Consume the correct amount of KJoules (food, calories) • Focus on fresh fruits and vegetables • Avoid refined carbohydrates • Avoid fatty foods • Use whole grains where possible including wholemeal bread • Follow a high fibre low fat diet • Engage in a regular exercise programme • Maintain ideal weight

  21. Treatment of diabetes (Type II ) • Loose weight • Consume the correct amount of KJoules (food, calories) to achieve then maintain your ideal weight • Avoid refined carbohydrates esp. sugars • Follow a high fibre low fat diet- lots of fruit and veges • Use whole grains where possible including wholemeal bread • Engage in a regular exercise programme • Follow your doctor’s advice - tablets can assist with glucose control

  22. Blood fats and heart disease

  23. Heart disease • 1 person in 3 will die of heart disease • A “Heart attack” and death will be the first symptom for about a half of those affected • A heat attack occurs when a blockage in one of the coronary arteries causes inadequate blood flow (and hence oxygen supply) to part of the heart muscle and as a result that part of the heart muscle dies.

  24. Preventing sudden death from heart attack • Strategies to prevent heart attack: • don’t allow the coronary arteries to become occluded with fatty deposits. Control blood fats and cholesterol • prevent artery lining from becoming damaged thus allowing debris to adhere (diabetes, homocysteine) • prevent blood clots from forming

  25. Blood fats • Two main types: • Triglycerides • Lipoproteins and Cholesterol

  26. Triglycerides

  27. Lipoprotein • Spherical molecules made up cholesterol fats and protein in differing proportions: • HDL high proportion of protein, low amount of cholesterol • LDL Moderate amounts of both cholesterol and protein • VLDL Small amounts of protein, large amounts of cholesterol • These are three of several combinations...

  28. Arteriosclerosis • Thickening of the artery walls • One important cause is the deposit of cholesterol in the arterial wall • This deposit is reinforced with calcium salts • Lumen of artery is occluded such that a blockage would be more likely in the event of a small clot or broken off piece of plaque.

  29. Contributing factors to arteriosclerosis formation • Damage to vessel wall e.g. from elevated homocysteine concentrations • High blood pressure • Diabetes • Lack of exercise • High levels of cholesterol • Sex (gender) • Smoking

  30. How to prevent heart disease • Maintain ideal weight through a healthy diet and exercise programme • Enjoy a healthy diet low in saturated fats • Maintain a low cholesterol/HDL ratio (<4.5) • Avoid diabetes. If too late, control it carefully • Engage in a regular exercise programme • Develop a low stress lifestyle through a deep faith in God’s leading

  31. Role of HDL • So-called ‘good cholesterol’ • HDL is cholesterol that is being transported back to the liver for destruction • Ration of total cholesterol/HDL cholesterol should be < 4.5 and preferably <4.0 • Can increase HDL by exercise • I have never seen a vegetarian at or below his ideal weight with abnormal blood lipids

  32. If you have heart-disease risk factors….. • Control blood pressure • Control diabetes • Increase exercise (minimum of 3 hours/week on non consecutive days) • Healthy diet low in fats especially saturated fats • Monitor cholesterol and keep low • Consider medication…. E.g. low dose aspirin • Lower homocysteine levels to <10 umol/L

  33. Conclusions • The Adventist Church-recommended diet most closely complies with these recommendations and when followed, does result in a reduced incidence of diabetes and heart attack. High fibre, low saturated fat, an abundance of fruit and vegetables, adequate protein, and micronutrients. • A Vegetarian diet was for many years ridiculed. In the 60’s vegetarianism started to be tolerated; in the 80’s vegetarianism became accepted. Now vegetarianism is acclaimed.

  34. Question time ?

More Related