1 / 32

Taxonomy

Taxonomy. Taxonomy. Taxonomy is the scientific study of how living things are classified. Each organism is given a universally accepted name. Classification. Name three things that you classify at home. Clothes 2) Music Collections / hobbies

candace-pena
Download Presentation

Taxonomy

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Taxonomy

  2. Taxonomy • Taxonomy is the scientific study of how living things are classified. • Each organism is given a universally accepted name.

  3. Classification Name three things that you classify at home. Clothes 2) Music Collections / hobbies Classification is the grouping of objects or information based on similarities. Why do you think Biologists classify things?

  4. Classification has several purposes: • Easier to share information about an organism by using one standard name • Identify characteristics of an organism just by studying the groups they are placed in • Manage the information they collect on the 2.5 million known species

  5. Binomial Nomenclature • Linnaeus developed • Two word naming system which identifies species. First word: Genus (Capitalized) Second word: species (Lowercase) Both words should be italicized Ex/Homo sapiens (Human) Passer domesticus (House sparrow) Canisrufus (Red wolf)

  6. Carl Linnaeus (1707-1778) • Brought order to classifying and naming species. • Classification system consists of levels. • Each level is called a taxon

  7. More Linnaeus • Morphology - basic shape • Form - body parts (head, legs, thorax…) • Structure - bone and external supports • Anatomy - muscle & organs • Described 1,000’s of plants & animals in: System Naturae and Species Plantarum

  8. Carl Linnaeus (1707-1778) • Kingdom—largest taxa • Phylum—several classes • Class—similar orders • Order—similar families • Family—similar genera • Genus—closely related species • Species—group of similar organisms that can breed and produce fertile offspring.

  9. Homo Sapians • Kingdom: Animalia • Phylum: Chordata • Class: Mammalia • Order: Primates • Family: Hominidae • Genus: Homo • Species:Sapiens

  10. Cell Organization • Prokaryote • “Before Nucleus” • Simple organisms, • No membrane bound organelles • (cell organs) • Eukaryote • “True Nucleus” • More complex organisms • Membrane bound organelles

  11. End of Day 1 Notes on Classificiation

  12. Kingdom Profiles - Monera • Formerly known as Prokaryotae • all are prokaryotes - no membrane bound organelles Chloroplast mitochondria nucleus All are unicellular - simplest form of life (or most complex) autotrophs and heterotrophs - ingest food most are motile example - Bacillus thuringiensis 4 phyla

  13. Kingdom Profiles - Protista • Eukaryotic • some unicellular, most multicellular • all are aquatic • autotrophic and heterotrophic - ingest food and absorb food • most are motile • 16 phyla • Example: Euglena, Amoeba

  14. Kingdom Profiles - Fungi • All are heterotrophic absorb food form dead or living organisms • cell walls contain chitin • unicellular or multicellular • eukaryotic • non-motile • example: mushrooms • 4 phyla

  15. Kingdom Profiles - Plantae • Non-motile • all are photosynthetic - autotrophic • eukaryotic • cell walls contain cellulose • example: Roses • 12 phyla

  16. Kingdom Profile - Animalia • Motile • ingest food - all • multicellular • no cell walls • example: fish • 9 phyla

  17. Characteristics of living things • growth • development • respond to stimuli • require energy for survival • influence / change environment • metabolism (produce by-products) • contain carbon • adapt • made of cells - levels of organization • contain genetic information - DNA and RNA • Reproduce • Exchange gas with the environment

  18. Viruses • Don’t eat • don’t reproduce outside of host assistance • don’t respond to the environment • don’t move • don’t age or die under optimal conditions • don’t have a metabolism • don’t grow or develop • not made of cells

  19. Viruses • Contain organic molecules (carbon) • have genetic information - DNA or RNA • adapt as a group (not individual) • influence / change host they live in • mimic living infections • have ability to replicate • can be “killed” or inactivated

  20. Life or Non-Life ?

More Related