Breast Cancer - Treatment and Surgery at Cancer Hospital India

1. Breast Cancer - Treatment and Surgery at Cancer Hospital India Breast Cancer Diagnosis & Treatment Planning- Cancer Hospital India provides the most comprehensive care for patients suffering from breast cancer. Modern technology has made it possible to detect cancer early and treat it completely. ● Tumor stage ● Tumor subtype, including hormone receptor status (ER, PR) and HER2 status ● Genomic markers including Oncotype DX™ and Mammaprint™

2. ● Presence of known mutations in genes that cause hereditary breast cancer, such as BRC and BRCA1 Modalities for Accurate Diagnosis of Breast Cancer Special diagnostic tests and evaluations are performed to diagnose the degree or stage of the disease. This important step is called staging. After correct prognosis and staging, an appropriate treatment plan is created. Physical exam – Your doctor will examine your breasts for any visible lumps, swelling, or changes. This is done by palpating the chest. Mammography – Currently the most commonly used radiological test for early detection of breast cancer. A chest x-ray that can show the presence of abnormal growths in the chest. Ultrasound - High-frequency sound waves help determine whether a mass is filled with liquid or solid. If a lump is found, the doctor will recommend further testing. Aspiration - A fine needle is inserted into a lump to remove tissue or fluid from it. The samples are then tested for cancer by a pathologist. Surgical biopsy – This involves surgically removing a small portion of the lump and examining the lump for further diagnosis. Most Advanced Breast Cancer Treatment Options available in India Advanced treatment options Standard treatment for breast cancer is surgery, sentinel lymph node biopsy, followed by surgery, hormone therapy, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and targeted therapy. Surgical Approaches to Treatment The main surgeries performed for breast cancer are:

3. a.) Breast Conserving Surgery - Only the breast lump is removed while the rest of the breast tissue is preserved. b.) Revision radical mastectomy with reconstruction - all breast tissue is removed, usually followed by reconstructive surgery. c.) Lumpectomy – Removal of a cancerous mass along with surrounding breast tissue. d) Adjuvant Lymph Node Dissection: Patients with aggressive malignancies usually undergo an axillary lymph node dissection, which is the surgical removal of the axillary (armpit) lymph nodes. Adjunct lymph nodes are often removed during lumpectomy, radical mastectomy, or modified radical mastectomy procedures. Hormone therapy – Systemic treatment of hormone receptor-positive breast cancer using certain drugs. Hormone receptors are like ears for breast cells that hear signals from hormones. These signals "turn on" the growth of cells with receptors. So, if cancer cells have hormone receptors, certain drugs block those receptors and prevent the cancer from growing or spreading. Chemical treatment- Certain drugs are used to stop cancer cells from growing by either killing the cells or stopping the cells from dividing and growing. Many patients may require chemotherapy after breast cancer surgery. It can be administered as a neoadjuvant, adjuvant, and palliative chemotherapy. Radiotherapy - High-energy x-rays or other types of radiation are used to kill cancer cells or stop them from growing. Radiation therapy is always

4. given after breast-conserving surgery. The procedure is painless and the patient feels nothing during treatment. Source: https://cancerhospitalindia1.blogspot.com/2023/01/breast-cancer-treatment -and-surgery-at.html