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Chapter 12 – Review The Behavior of Gases

Chapter 12 – Review The Behavior of Gases. Milbank High School. Chapter 12 - Review. Know the assumptions of the kinetic theory. Why does the pressure inside a container of gas increase if more gas is added to the container? Why does air leave a tire when the tire valve is opened?.

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Chapter 12 – Review The Behavior of Gases

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  1. Chapter 12 – ReviewThe Behavior of Gases Milbank High School

  2. Chapter 12 - Review • Know the assumptions of the kinetic theory. • Why does the pressure inside a container of gas increase if more gas is added to the container? • Why does air leave a tire when the tire valve is opened?

  3. Chapter 12 - Review • If 4 moles of gas are added to a container that already holds 1 mole of gas, how will the pressure change within the container? • Increasing the volume of a given amount of gas at constant temp. causes the pressure to decrease because _______.

  4. Chapter 12 - Review • If the volume of a container holding a gas is reduced, what will happen to the pressure within the container? • What happens to the temperature of a gas when it is compressed?

  5. Chapter 12 - Review • What happens to the pressure of a gas inside a container, if the temperature of the gas is lowered? • If a balloon is squeezed, what happens to the air pressure within the balloon?

  6. Chapter 12 - Review • The volume of a gas is doubled while the temperature is held constant. How does the gas pressure change? • The volume of a gas is reduced from 4.0 L to 0.5 L while the temperature is held constant. How does the gas pressure change?

  7. Chapter 12 - Review • A gas occupies a volume of 0.7 L at 10.1 kPa. What volume will the gas occupy at 101 kPa? • A sample of gas occupies 40 mL at –123 oC. What volume does the sample occupy at 27 oC? • What type of changes could cause an increase in the pressure of a gaseous system?

  8. Chapter 12 - Review • Why does an aerosol can become cooler when gas is released? • As the temperature of a fixed volume of gas increases, the pressure will _____. • As the temperature of a balloon decreases, the average kinetic energy _____.

  9. Chapter 12 - Review • Boyle’s law states that _____. • When the temperature and number of particles are kept constant for a sample of gas, what is also constant for the sample? • Charles’ law states that _____.

  10. Chapter 12 - Review • When the pressure and number of particles are kept constant for a gas, what else is kept constant? • If a capped syringe is plunged into cold water, in which direction will the syringe piston slide?

  11. Chapter 12 - Review • Generally, for a gas at a constant volume, the pressure is _____ proportional to its temperature in Kelvin. • If a capped syringe is heated, in which direction will the syringe piston move? • The combined gas law relates to what variables?

  12. Chapter 12 - Review • If a balloon containing 1000 L of gas at 50 oC and 101 kPa rises to an altitude where the pressure is 50.5 kPa and the temperature is 10 oC, the volume of the balloon under these new conditions would be _____.

  13. Chapter 12 - Review • At very high pressures, how does the volume of a real gas compare with the volume that would be predicted for an ideal gas under the same conditions? • At low temp. and pressure, how does the volume of a real gas compare with an ideal gas?

  14. Chapter 12 - Review • An ideal gas CANNOT be converted to a ____. • When the volume and number of particles are held constant for a sample of gas, what else is kept constant? • Which is constant for 1 mole? PT/V or PV/T

  15. Chapter 12 - Review • At a certain temperature and pressure, 0.20 mol of CO2 has a volume of 3.1 L. A 3.1 L sample of hydrogen at the same temperature and pressure contains ______ molecules. • Under what conditions is the behavior of a real gas like that of an ideal gas?

  16. Chapter 12 - Review • What happens to the partial pressure of oxygen in the air if the air temperature is increased? • If the volume of a container of air is reduced by one-half, what happens to the partial pressure of oxygen within the container?

  17. Chapter 12 - Review • A breathing mixture used by deep-sea divers contains helium, oxygen, and carbon dioxide. What is the partial pressure of oxygen at 101 kPa, if PHe = 84 kPa and PCO2 = 0.1 kPa?

  18. Chapter 12 - Review • When a container is filled with 3 moles of H2, 2 moles of O2, and 1 mole of N2, the pressure in the container is 8787 kPa. What is the partial pressure of O2?

  19. Chapter 12 - Review • If the atmospheric pressure on Mt. Everest is one-third the atmospheric pressure at sea level, the partial pressure of oxygen on Mt. Everest is _____. • The tendency of molecules to move toward areas of lower concentration is called _____.

  20. Chapter 12 - Review • A box with a volume of 22.4 L contains 1.0 mol of nitrogen and 2.0 moles of hydrogen at 0 oC. What is the partial pressure of the nitrogen? • Which gas would effuse most rapidly: chlorine or hydrogen?

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