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Exploring XML Applications and Technologies: A Comprehensive Guide

Dive into the world of XML with this detailed guide covering its usage, applications, enabling technologies, and more. Learn about XML in presentation, application logic, data storage, and content management.

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Exploring XML Applications and Technologies: A Comprehensive Guide

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  1. XML at Work John Arnett, MSc Standards Modeller Information and Statistics Division NHSScotland Tel: 0131 551 8073 (x2073) mailto:John.Arnett@isd.csa.scot.nhs.uk http://isdscotland.org/xml

  2. Contents • XML Usage • Enabling Technologies • XML Applications • XML Messaging and Web Services • XML in Presentation • XML in Application Logic • XML Data Storage and Content Management

  3. XML Usage • Human readable • Structured and searchable • Separates data from presentation • Self-describing • Extensible – any number of tags allowed • Meta-markup language • Key features

  4. XML Usage • Open standard, promoted by many vendor-neutral organisations, incl. • W3C • OASIS (Organization for Structured Information Standards) • HL7 (Health Level 7) • OMG (Object Management Group) • UK Government

  5. XML Usage • Widely supported by software vendors and open source groups, incl.

  6. Enabling Technologies • Language for locating parts of a document • Provides a syntax for navigating XML document trees • Designed for use by XSLT and XPointer • XPath (XML Path Language)

  7. Simple (unidirectional) links doc1 doc2 • Extended (multidirectional) links doc1 doc2 doc3 Enabling Technologies • XLink (XML Linking Language) • Language for linking resources

  8. Enabling Technologies • Language for referencing specific points in a document • Uses XPath • May be used with XLink to reference specific points in linked documents • XPointer (XML Pointer Language)

  9. Application Logic Presentation Messaging & Web Services Application Logic Presentation Presentation Messaging Presentation Application Logic XML Applications Data Storage & Content Management

  10. XML Messaging • Ideal for data interchange • Text based • Open • Self describing • Extensible • Exchanged between applications on the same network or over the Internet/Extranet • XML Messages

  11. XML Messaging • Health Care • Health Level 7, v3 • Government • UK GovTalkTM schemas • B2B transactions • ebXML • Financial Services reporting • XBRL • XML Business Vocabularies, e.g.

  12. Web Services • Allow systems to communicate over the internet using XML messages • Used for • remote lookups and service calls • enterprise application integration • electronic B2B exchange • Set of emerging standards, incl. SOAP, WSDL and UDDI

  13. Web Services • Lightweight, XML–based protocol for exchanging information over the internet • Language, platform and transport independent • v1.2 W3C Recommendation • SOAP (“Simple Object Access Protocol”)

  14. Web Services • XML-based language for describing services available on the internet • WSDL (Web Services Definition Language)

  15. Web Services • Information Services • business details (white pages) • business categories (yellow pages) • available services (green pages) • Operations • service registration • finding and using services • UDDI (Universal Description, Discovery and Integration) directory services

  16. XML for Presentation • Developed by WC3 as XML-based successor to HTML • Written using well-formed XML • Backwards compatible • Current version (1.1) designed to be extended using modules • XHTML (Extensible HTML)

  17. XML for Presentation • Enables XML to be presented in other XML or non-XML formats – esp. as HTML • v1.0 W3C Recommendation • Can be used to create dynamic web-forms, e.g. WSDL to HTML • XSL (Extensible Stylesheet Language)

  18. XML for Presentation • WML (Wireless Markup Language) for mobile devices • SVG (Scaleable Vector Graphics) • Scientific vocabularies • CML (Chemical Markup Language) • MathML (Mathematical Markup Language) • Other XML presentation technologies

  19. XML in Application Logic • DOM (Document Object Model) • API for in-memory document manipulation using a node-based tree structure

  20. XML in Application Logic • SAX (Simple API for XML) • Alternative, event-driven API, used for parsing large documents

  21. XML Data Storage • Web and file servers • XML enabled databases • Native XML repositories/databases • Document storage solutions incl.

  22. XML Data Storage • Enables SQL-like querying of XML documents using XPath • W3C Working draft • XQuery

  23. XML & Content Management • W3C recommendation for describing information contained in web resources • i.e. anything that can be addressed with a URL • Dublin Core is an RDF vocabulary for describing web pages • RDF (Resource Description Framework)

  24. XML & Content Management • Used to automatically send (or push) web content to subscribers • e.g. subscibers can obtain regular news updates from a news website • RSS (Rich Site Summary) is a smilar application developed by Netscape • Microsoft CDF (Channel Definition Format)

  25. XML & Content Management • Framework for indexing data and document resources using URI’s • Consist of: • topics • associations • occurences • XML Topic Maps (XTM) 1.0 Specification – ISO Standard 13250 • Topic Maps

  26. CDF CML SVG SOAP XSL & XSLT CSS DOM XPOINTER & XLINK XQUERY PICS P3P WSDL WML ebXML XML Core RDF XML XML Schema (XSDL) The XML Standards Family XHTML HTML SGML Adapted from http://www.idealliance.org/XMLRoadmap/WEB/xmlstdill.htm

  27. In Summary… • Open standard, widely supported by many organisations • Applications include • Messaging and web services • Presentation and application logic • Data storage and content management

  28. Find Out More • World Wide Web Consortium • www.w3.org

  29. Messaging and Web Sevices • W3C Web Services Activity • www.w3.org/2002/ws/ • Web Services Interoperability • www.ws-i.org • XMethods • www.xmethods.org/ • Enterprise Integration Patterns • www.enterpriseintegrationpatterns.com

  30. XML Vocabularies • Scottish Health and Community Care XML Steering Group • www.isdscotland.org/xml • GovTalk Schemas and Standards • www.govtalk.gov.uk/schemasstandards/schemasstandards.asp • Health Level 7 • www.hl7.org

  31. XHTML and XSL • W3C HyperText Markup Language (HTML) Home Page • www.w3.org/MarkUp/ • The Extensible Stylesheet Language Family (XSL) • www.w3.org/Style/XSL/

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