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“FAMILY”

Manusia dan Kebudayaan Inggris. “FAMILY”. NORTHERN IRELAND. Parental Rights and Responsibilities. Parental responsibility is a legal concept. It refers to those who have the rights, duties, powers, responsibilities and authority in relation to the child and the child belongs. 1 The

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“FAMILY”

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  1. Manusia dan Kebudayaan Inggris “FAMILY”

  2. NORTHERN IRELAND

  3. Parental Rights and Responsibilities Parental responsibility is a legal concept. It refers to those who have the rights, duties, powers, responsibilities and authority in relation to the child and the child belongs.1The parental responsibilities are:  naming their child and agreeing to any change of their child's name;  providing a home for their child;  protecting and maintaining their child;  disciplining their child;  choosing their child's school;  consenting to their child's medical treatment; etc. (1mhfi retrieved 30/09/2016 at 22:10 http://www.mhfi.org/parentalresponsibility.pdf)

  4.  Under responsibility for her child. A father, on the other hand, only has this responsibility if he is married to the mother or has acquired legal responsibility for his child. However, all parents (including adoptive parents) have a legal duty to financially support their child - whether they have parental responsibility or not.  The United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC) provides families with a right to protection of their private and family life. current law, a mother always has parental (cypsp retrieved 30/09/2016 at 22:15 http://www.cypsp.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/ofmdfm_families_matter_regional_plan_2009.pdf)

  5. Children’s Rights and Responsibilities  Children have a right to a standard of living that is good enough to meet their physical and mental needs. The Government should help families who cannot afford to provide this.  All children have the right to life. Governments should ensure that children survive and develop healthily.  All children have the right to a legally registered name, and nationality. Also the right to know and, as far as possible, to be cared for by their parents. (unicef retrieved 30/09/2016 at 22:30 http://www.unicef.org/rightsite/files/rights_leaflet.pdf)

  6.  All children and young people have a right to a primary education. Young people should be encouraged to reach the highest level of education that they are capable of.  Children have a right to have a standard of living that is good enough to meet their physical and mental needs. The Government should help families who cannot afford to provide this.  Every children have a right to be protected from conflict, cruelty, exploitation and neglect (unicef retrieved 30/09/2016 at 22:30 http://www.unicef.org/rightsite/files/rights_leaflet.pdf)

  7. Responsibilities  to respect their parents, cultures, and other cultures.  to respect each other in a humane way.  not to bully or harm each other.  to do what they can to look after their environment.  the obligation to learn as much as their capabilities and share their knowledge and experience with others.  To help others  The obligation to respect other’s thoughts or religious principles. (unicef retrieved 30/09/2016 at 22:30 http://www.unicef.org/rightsite/files/rights_leaflet.pdf)

  8. Marriage  Forced marriage according to1Wiki is marriages where one or both parties is married without her or his consent. A forced marriage differs from an arranged marriage, where both of parties agree to accept the help from their parents. 2Forced marriage in NI (Northern Ireland) regarded as an abuse of human rights and a form of domestic violence and it affects to children and young people. It can be happened to both men and women. Now the courts have the powers to prevent forced marriages that offering a protection to those who have been forced to take a part in a marriage. (1Wikipedia retrieved 30/09/2016 at 21:45 on https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forced_marriage) (2Nidirect retrieved 30/09/2016 at 21:50 on https://www.nidirect.gov.uk/articles/guidance-marriage-procedures-northern-ireland)

  9. WALES

  10. WALES 1. The Naming System Welsh people did not have surnames back then, they used Patronymics. Generelly, ap or ab was added between the son’s name and the father’s name and ferch or verch (vch) was added between the daughter’s name and the father’s name. For example, David ab Owen means David “son of” Owen. • The family could drop ‘ab’ or ‘ap’, his name would have been simply David Owen. • The family could drop the “a” and attach the ‘p’ or ‘b’ to the father’s name, his name would have been David Bowen.

  11. 2. Marriages in Wales  Marriage in Wales is open to opposite-sex and same-sex couples.  Marriage in Wales is legally recognized in the forms of both civil and religious unions. There is a distinction between religious marriages and civil marriages. Religious marriages are conducted by an authorised religious celebrant and civil marriages are conducted by a state registrar.  The legal minimum age to enter into a marriage is 16 years old, but if a participant is under 18 years old then the marriage will require parental consent.  Marriage Act 1949 – Marriage ceremonies could only be conducted in churches and register offices.  Arranged Marriages and Forced Marriages

  12. 3. Family Life in Wales Family and kinship are very important in Wales.  Special occasions are spent by having family gathering.  The Welsh traditionally married late and had lengthy courtships.  Adult sons generally remain at home working on their parent’s farm until they get married.  The majority of the Welsh family have less than 4 children and live in villages.  On Sunday they attend church which is followed by Sunday dinner with the entire family then the men usuallly go to the pub. 

  13. Pain Y Drain farm, Llangurig, Llanidloes

  14. SCOTLAND

  15. The family unit of the majority of households is still the “nuclear family,” which includes a mother, father and children. However, if a Scottish family has all daughters, they may break away from the concept of a nuclear family because, in this case, it is not unusual for the oldest daughter’s husband to live with the family. Furthermore, among the family unit loyalties exist. For example, in Highland Scotland if a man’s wife and mother are in an argument, the man should side with his wife because in the process of marrying her he commits his loyalty to her.

  16. Role of Women: Within Scottish families, women surprisingly hold a very authoritative role.This is surprising because Scotland is considered to be a male dominant society. Historically, women in Scotland have been associated with domestic duties and men with paid employment. Although many women in Scotland today still consider raising the children as their main job, they are beginning to surpass men in terms of percentage of total employees.In the workforce, men tend to hold positions such as an elected public official, a legal professional or an administrative position in a business, whereas women in the workforce are employed as secretaries, social workers or care takers.

  17. Family Relationships Overall, Scottish families have very close relationships. However, behavior inside the house differs from behavior in public. In private, families laugh about inside jokes and discuss each other daily activities; however, in public Scottish families act much more distant. In Scotland, it is considered inappropriate to show affection in public or to discuss personal problems where others might overhear.

  18. Marriage in Scotland

  19. Marriage Customs in Scotland  Minimum Age Until 1929, a girl could legally get married at the age of 12 or above and a boy at 14 though marriage at such a young age was extremely rare. In 1929 the age was raised to 16. However, in Scotland no parental consent is required from that age, whereas in England the consent of parents was (and is) required until the age of 18. This resulted in young English couples coming to Scotland if they were unable to get their parents' permission.  Prophecies Although most people married locally, young people learned from an early age how to foretell who their marriage partner would be or what he/she would be like. For example, two nuts were burnt in a fire - if they burnt quietly all would be well, if they exploded and burst,true love would be hard to find.

  20.  Co-habitation Until recently, it was possible to become married by "habitation and repute" just by living together as husband and wife. Of course, these days, even if it is no longer called "co-habitation" many couples set up home together and have a family without a formal wedding ceremony. The number of marriages in Scotland is 25% less than it was 25 years ago and the percentage of children born out of wedlock is amongst the highest in Europe.  New Home In earlier times there was rarely money for such things as honeymoons and the young couple would go to their new home after the wedding and reception. The groom carrying the bride over the threshold was to avoid the bad luck of her tripping on the way in.

  21. SCOTTISH WEDDING TRADITIONS  The Speerin or The Beukin The Speerin is an old wedding tradition where the prospective groom had to go through a series of tasks and trials at the request of the bride’s father before gaining his approval.  The Wedding Sark The 'wedding sark' is the traditional name given to the shirt worn by the groom which is gifted by the bride. The groom pays for the wedding dress in return.  The ‘wedding scramble’ Also known as ‘”warsel”, it is traditional in most parts of Scotland. As the bride steps into the car, her father throws a handful of coins for the children to collect. Believed to bring about financial good fortune.

  22. • Creeling the Bridegroom The groom is required to carry a creel or a large basket filled with heavy rocks and carry it around the village until his bride goes out of her house to give him a kiss. • The bride drinks from a cog with a concoction of ale, gin, brandy and whiskey, mixed with sugar and pepper before passing it around the wedding guests. Orcadian Cog

  23. • The future bride or bridegroom is seized by friends and covered in soot, treacle, flour and feathers. This practice is believed to ward off evil spirits. Blackenings • Feet Washing It may sound unlikely, but feet-washing is a custom that originates in Fife and Dundee & Angus. At the night before the wedding, the bride sits on a stool while an older, married woman washes,smears her feet with soot which was considered to bring good luck.

  24. • Luckenbooth Brooch The Luckennooth Brooch is exchanged by the couple when they are engaged. The brooch has two hearts intertwined with a crown on top and can sometimes be encrusted with glass and crystals. • The Lang Reel The Lang Reel is a dance that still takes place in the north-east fishing villages of Scotland. The villagers dance at the harbor, continuing to the village with dancers leaving the reel as they passed their homes.The dance leaves the bride and groom together to have their last dance of the night.

  25. ENGLAND

  26. Marriages

  27. Old Times Arranged Marriage in Elizabethan Era (November 17, 1558 – March24, 1603) -Woman cannot decide their husband might be. - Elizabethan woman were inferior than men. - Couples meet for the first time on the weeding day. -Elizabethan women must bring dowry :money,goods,property. -Wife became husband property.

  28. The Age of Consent Parental permission the legal age for Elizabethan marriages :  Boys : 14 years old  Girls : 12 years old Purpose: To strengthen a family when you preserve its claim to wealth and land.

  29. Advantages :  Families had a chance of going up in social classes and can gain money and land from one another.  Someone wise helping you choosing a spouse and putting you in a right decision.  There will be less family conflict due to the family approved of the spouse.

  30. Disadvantages :  Refusing the arranged marriage will create conflict and a lot of arguing.  No guarantee the couple will fall in love or agree with each other decisions to make up a healthy relationship. Consequences for Refusing: For a women, will be considering as a witch. For a men, have to reimburse the crown when he came of age for his amount.

  31. Modern Times - Arranged marriage has become “out of style”. every person has the right to refuse. - The legal age to marriage is 18 years old, but under than that age requires parental consent. - In 2013, Parliament introducing Marriage (Same Sex Couple) Act - The first Same-sex wedding began on March 2014

  32. Family Structure Old Times : - People got married before they had children. - Divorce was very difficult, expensive and took a long time.

  33. Modern Times : - Many couples live together (cohabit) without getting married. - Many children are born to unmarried (cohabiting) parents. - Single-person households (single parents) increased. - People getting married at a later age now. - Many women do not want to have children immediately, they prefer to concentrate on their job.

  34. Modern British Family  The Modern British Family is struggling: they feel tired, stressed and under pressure.  In an ideal world, parents would like to spend more quality time with their children than they do now.

  35.  Because the problems faced by families are often financial, the main way that the Government can help families is by delivering a healthy economy and affordable housing .  No politicians are seen to represent the problems and priorities of the Modern British family

  36. Policy Ideas  Participants liked the idea of allowing Child support Payments to the family members, for example Grandparents.  They also liked the idea of teaching ‘communityship’ in schools as a way of addressing perceived problems of discipline among young people.  Mom often wanted the opportunity to help themselves improve their financial situation  But many others wanted to spend time at home with their children,especially when their children were young

  37. References References Cypsp. Retrieved from http://www.cypsp.org/wp content/uploads/2015/01/ofmdfm_families_matter_regional_plan_2009.pdf Elizabethan Era. Retrieved from http://www.elizabethan-era.org.uk/elizabethan- marriages-and-weddings.htm Every Culture . Retrieved from http://www.everyculture.com/wc/Tajikistan-to- Zimbabwe/Welsh.html Family Search. Retrieved from https://familysearch.org/wiki/en/Wales_Names_Personal Huffpost. Retrieved from http://m.huffpost.com/uk/entry/7385278 Mhfi. Retrieved from http://www.mhfi.org/parentalresponsibility.pdf Nidirect. Retrieved from https://www.nidirect.gov.uk/articles/guidance- marriage-procedures-northern-ireland

  38. Rampant Scotland. Retrieved from http://www.rampantscotland.com/know/blknow_marriage.htm Royal England. Retrieved from http://royalengland.blogspot.co.id/p/family- structure.html?m=1 Scottish Wedding Dreams. Retrieved from www.scottish-wedding-dreams.com Unicef. Retrieved from http://www.unicef.org/rightsite/files/rights_leaflet.pdf When on Earth. Retrieved from http://whenonearth.net/10-scottish-wedding-traditions- know/ Wikipedia. Retrieved from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forced_marriage Wikipedia. Retrieved from https://en..m.wikipedia.org Wikipedia. Retrieved from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Family_in_early_modern_Scotland Women Support Project. Retrieved from http://www.womenssupportproject.co.uk/userfiles/file/Women%20and%20Forced%20 Marriage%20in%20Scotland.pdf

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