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Domain Name System (DNS)

Domain Name System (DNS). Domain Name System (DNS). How DNS Works. Name Server. DNS Resolver. Application. Application. Sockets. Transport. Transport. Internet. Internet. Network. Network. COM. EDU. ORG. Domain Name Space. Root-Level Domain. Countries. Top-Level Domain.

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Domain Name System (DNS)

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  1. Domain Name System (DNS)

  2. Domain Name System (DNS)

  3. How DNS Works Name Server DNS Resolver Application Application Sockets Transport Transport Internet Internet Network Network

  4. COM EDU ORG Domain Name Space Root-Level Domain Countries Top-Level Domain New Zealand (NZ) Second-Level Domain Seattle Student compaq microsoft purdue

  5. Zones of Authority com Zone 1 Microsoft Zone 3 MKTG CORP Zone 2 Name Server Name Servers R&D Name Server

  6. Name Server Roles • Primary Name Server • Zone information in locally maintained files • Secondary Name Server • Zone information downloaded from a master name server • Master Name Server • Source of information for a secondary server; can be a primary or secondary server • Caching Only • Does not keep any zone information

  7. Name Resolution Local Name Server Iterative Queries Root Name Server 2 3 4 gov Name Server 5 6 1 8 Recursive Query 7 whitehouse.gov Name Server DNS Client

  8. Inverse Queries • Special Domain for Inverse Queries • in-addr.arpa • IP Addresses Reversed when Converted to DNS Inverse Queries • 157.55.200.51 becomes query for 51.200.55.157.in-addr.arpa

  9. Configuring the DNS Files • Database File (zone.dns) • Contains resource records for the zone • Typically maps host names to IP addresses • Reverse Lookup File (z.y.w.x.in-addr.arpa) • Maps IP addresses to host names • Cache File (cache.dns) • Names and addresses of root domain name servers • Boot File • Used by manual start-up method

  10. The Database File • Stores Resource Records • RFC 1034 Compliant • SOA, A, NS, PTR, CNAME, MX, HINFO • Microsoft Specific • WINS, WINS-R

  11. The Reverse Lookup File • Supports inverse queries • For inverse queries for IP network 157.57.28.0, file name created: • db.57.157.in-addr.arpa • Example resource record entry: 51.200.55.157.in-addr.arpa. IN PTR mailsrv3.microsoft.com.

  12. Review • Domain Name System (DNS) • Name Resolution • Configuring the DNS Files • Planning a DNS Implementation

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