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Section 3: Electrical Potential Energy and Capacitance

Section 3: Electrical Potential Energy and Capacitance. Gravitational vs. Electrical Potential Energy. Voltage or Electrical Potential. Sample Problem: Find the electric potential energy and electric potential .

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Section 3: Electrical Potential Energy and Capacitance

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  1. Section 3: Electrical Potential Energy and Capacitance

  2. Gravitational vs. Electrical Potential Energy

  3. Voltage or Electrical Potential

  4. Sample Problem: Find the electric potential energy and electric potential

  5. Voltage may also be thought of as “electrical pressure”Voltage always runs for high concentration of electrons to low concentration of electrons

  6. Read more on voltage:http://amasci.com/miscon/voltage.html

  7. Capacitors: Device that stores charge Activity: Dissecting a capacitor and find out how it stores charge. • Draw a picture of the internal parts of a capacitor. • Use you picture to describe how it works. • One sheet per group.

  8. Parts of a Parallel Plate Capacitor Plates – location where opposite charges are stored 2) Dielectic – Separates the charge and increase the ability to store charge “capacitance”

  9. Design your own capacitor Materials: Aluminum foil and 4 cups Requirements: • Must have electrodes to hook up to. • Must work for full credit otherwise try again Grading: 15 pts • Works and does not arc to itself (15pts) • Works and arcs to self (12 pts) • Does not work (0 pts) keep trying

  10. Capacitor Reflection • Describe how a capacitor works. • Describe how you assembled your capacitor. • What flaws did you find in your capacitor? • List three things you could have done to make your capacitor stronger?

  11. Capacitors and Potential Energy: Capacitance (C): Ability to store charge C = εo A/d εo – permittivity (8.85 x 10-12 C2/N•m2) Charge on Capacitor (Q): Q = CV Potential Energy PEe: PEe = ½(Q)V

  12. Sample Problems • Find the charge on a capacitor that has a capacitance of 2μf ( 2 micro farads) at 30 volts: • If the distance between the plates of a capacitor is .0005m, find its surface area to have one farad of capacitance.

  13. 3) Find the potential energy stored in a 5μf capacitor that is charged with 10 volts. 4) Find the surface area charge on the capacitor above.

  14. Activity: Finding the capacitance of a capacitor Procedure: • Charge a capacitor and then discharge it through a resistor (yellow). • Graph current (Coulombs/second) to find the total charge. • Use C = Q/V and compare the value on the capacitor. • Calculate the percent error.

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