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Understand the fundamental elements of design - line, form, space, texture, color - and how they influence visual compositions. Learn how different characteristics of each element convey distinct feelings and messages in art and design. Explore the interplay of these elements and their impact on creating harmonious and engaging designs. Enhance your design skills by mastering the principles discussed.
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Elements of Design • Line • Form • Space • Texture • Color
1. LINE Most basic element of design. Line establishes direction.
Horizontal Lines • Communicates feelings of relaxation, calmness, and restfulness. Think of: • Sunsets - end of a day or time of rest • Waves in the ocean which are relaxing • You sleep in a HORIZONTAL position • Found in fireplace mantels, bookcases, long sofas, …..
Horizontal Line Restful
Vertical Lines • Cause your eye to move up and down • Suggests height, strength, dignity, and stability • Found in columns, grandfather clocks, tall mirrors, armoires…..
Vertical Line Ready to Move
Diagonal Lines • Communicate different levels of activity depending on the degree of the angle and total number of angles • Think of a lightning bolt • Found in roof lines, cathedral ceilings, staircases, lampshades, fabrics, paintings….
Diagonal Line Exciting
Curved Lines • Curved lines communicate organization, eternity, uniformity, softness and openness • Think of circles, oval, or freeform shapes • Found in sinks, tubs, dishes, mirrors, pottery….
Curved Lines Calming
2. FORM • Form is the PHYSICAL SHAPE of objects • It contains volume, mass, height, width, and depth.
Form/Shape Fills Space
Three guidelines for using form: • Form follows function. This means that the FUNCTION of an item should be considered first before its form • Related forms are more agreeable than unrelated forms • A gradual change in form smoothly directs the eyes.
Abstract Form – rearranges or stylizes a recognizable object.
Geometric Form – uses squares, rectangles, circles, and other geometric figures to create form.
When forms that are very different from each other are placed together, the effect isn’t satisfying.
A designer strives to combine forms in a way that creates a harmonious design (a design in which every item fits well with others).
3. SPACE • The area around a form and inside a form • The walls of a room define its space • Good design considers the SIZE OF THE SPACE and ARRANGEMENT OF THE SPACE.
Large windows and cathedral ceilings create a feeling of openness and more space • Small spaces make you feel cozy • Using mirrors gives a feeling of more space • You can section rooms off for a more intimate feeling.
4. TEXTURE • The way a surface feels (TACTILE) or appears to feel (VISUAL).