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Spain and THE DUTCH

Spain and THE DUTCH. Robert Wade JPII HS AP European History. The Spanish Netherlands. Ruled by Philip II through his father HRE Charles I when he abdicated Unlike his father, who had been raised in the region, Philip never cared for the people

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Spain and THE DUTCH

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  1. Spain and THE DUTCH Robert Wade JPII HS AP European History

  2. The Spanish Netherlands • Ruled by Philip II through his father HRE Charles I when he abdicated • Unlike his father, who had been raised in the region, Philip never cared for the people • Determined to maintain control ruling from Madrid, left in 1559 never to return • Determined to get rid of Calvinism, primarily found in the northern “Dutch” portion • He ruled the region through various regents

  3. Calvinism in the Low Countries • Major centers were • Antwerp • Bruges • Amsterdam • Ghent

  4. Calvinism in the Low Countries • Widespread among merchants, financiers, and working classes. • Calvinists were prepared to resist political authority

  5. Margaret of Parma • Introduced the Inquisition • Raised taxes to pay for Philip’s wars • Provokes resistance • Iconoclasts rampage, destroying Catholic Churches

  6. The Duke of Alba • The Council of Blood • Executed Count of Egmont and 1500 others • 10% tax on all transactions

  7. The Sea Beggars • Captured Brill in 1572 • Leiden cuts the dikes 1574 • The Spanish Fury: sack of Antwerp 1576

  8. William the Silent of Orange • Union of Brussels united 21 provinces

  9. The Duke of Parma 1578 • Used skill and diplomacy to retake cities • Union of Arras to unite southern provinces • Catholic landed aristocracy dominated the south

  10. United Provinces 1581 • Union of Utrecht declares independence of the northern 7 provinces • Calvinist population and a commercial aristocracy

  11. Elizabeth I and the Dutch • War disrupted England’s crucial woolens trade • Fall of Antwerp caused Elizabeth to send support to prevent a Catholic victory

  12. The Spanish Armada: 1588 • Defeat marks the beginning of Spanish decline and English growth

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