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ERGONOMICS

ERGONOMICS. WHAT IS ERGONOMICS ?. ERGO = work NOMICS = the study of. Ergonomics is about designing the job to fit the worker rather than the worker having to fit the job. Risk Factors. Physical demands risk factors Force Repetition Work posture Local contact stress

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ERGONOMICS

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  1. ERGONOMICS

  2. WHAT IS ERGONOMICS ? • ERGO = work • NOMICS = the study of Ergonomics is about designing the job to fit the worker rather than the worker having to fit the job.

  3. Risk Factors • Physical demands risk factors • Force • Repetition • Work posture • Local contact stress • Other risk factors affecting physical demands • Layout and condition of the workplace or workstation • Characteristics of objects handled • Environmental conditions of the workplace • Organization of work tasks

  4. Risk Assessment Considerations Assess risk factors in light of: • Body parts • Duration • How long is the worker exposed to the risk factors during a shift? • Magnitude • How much? How severe? • Exposure Pattern • How often does the exposure to the risk factor repeat itself? Is there opportunity for recovery?

  5. 7 Rules for Lifting • Stop and think before you lift. Most lifting injuries occur when you are rushed or preoccupied. • Keep heavy objects close to your body.

  6. 7 Rules for Lifting 3. When lifting heavy objects practice:* Spreading your feet wide apart.* Sticking out your chest and tucking in your chin.* Tightening your stomach muscles.* Keeping your back upright.* Bending your knees not your back.* Keeping your shoulders parallel to the floor as much as possible.

  7. 7 Rules for Lifting 4. When carrying a load over a long distance or for a long time, shift the load occasionally from one side to the other side and change position. Every half-hour put the load down and stretch your arms over your head while breathing in deeply.

  8. 7 Rules for Lifting 5. Do not lift and twist your back at the same time. 6. Do not lean forward without bending your knees. 7. Avoid lifting objects above the level of your shoulders.

  9. WHAT IS AN MSI ? A MusculoSkeletal Injury is defined by WCB as “an injury or disorder of the muscles, tendons, ligaments, joints, nerves, blood vessels or related soft tissue including a strain, sprain and inflammation, that may be caused or aggravated by work.”

  10. Common MSI • Activity-related Soft Tissue Disorders • Tendinitis • Tenosynovitis • Bursitis • Epicondylitis • Carpal Tunnel syndrome • Overexertion Injuries • Strains and sprains

  11. Signs and Symptoms of MSI • Tenderness or swelling • Crepitus (grating sound when a joint moves) • Pain in tendons, joints, muscles, or other soft tissues • Most severe when the affected part is moved or under strain • May radiate to nearby body parts • Numbness or tingling in hand and finger • Weakness of the affected muscle/tendon units due to a reluctance to use force to avoid pain • Restricted movement

  12. Control Principles • Aim at: • Eliminating worker’s exposure to risk factors • Reducing duration, magnitude, and frequency of exposure • Apply: • Engineering control • Administrative control • Personal protective equipment

  13. Optimal Posture • Arms held horizontally at about 90° at the elbow • Wrists fairly straight • Head upright over shoulders in relaxed position • Backrest supporting lower back • Thighs resting horizontally with 90° bend in knee • Feet fully supported by floor or footrest

  14. IMMEDIATE REPORTINGof Pain To Supervisor • Why Report – to reduce chances of the MSI turning into a Chronic situation • Claims – to prevent any delays or issues if the MSI reaches claim status

  15. Early Treatment and Intervention • MSI may be more effectively cured or controlled if discovered, treated, and managed early. • Once a worker becomes aware of signs and symptoms: • Immediately report to Supervisor • Seek medical treatment without delay where necessary

  16. First Aid MSI Management • When a worker reports MSI to Supervisor/First Aid, the following will occur: • Assess the injury and the worker • Provide treatment to worker or refer worker to a physician dependent on results of the assessment • Document all findings in the First Aid Record • Follow up

  17. First Aid Assessing the Injury Palpation of the injury site Assessment of the range of movement

  18. First Aid Providing Treatment Application of ice for 10 minutes every 1-2 hours Partial immobilization using a working splint

  19. Wrist Braces • Over the counter braces vs. doctor prescribed • Purposes – resting brace vs. working brace

  20. Medical Treatment • Physiotherapy, e.g.: • Stretching and strengthening exercises • Application of contrast bath and ultra sound • Medication • Alternative therapy, e.g.: • Acupuncture When MSI is left unattended, delayed treatment may involve surgery and injection of Cortisone.

  21. PreventionWrist / Forearm Exercise 5 x “milking the cow” 5 x “swatting the flies” Repeat series 3 x each

  22. Ergonomic Factors

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