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Common Trees of PA

Common Trees of PA. Eastern White Pine. Needle – 2 ½ to 5 inch long needle, Bluish green, 5 needles per bundle Bark – dark brown fissures and scaly Cone – 5-8 inch curved cone Other – tall, straight trunks, 50-90 feet. Eastern White Pine. Eastern Hemlock.

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Common Trees of PA

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  1. Common Trees of PA

  2. Eastern White Pine • Needle – 2 ½ to 5 inch long needle, Bluish green, 5 needles per bundle • Bark – dark brown fissures and scaly • Cone – 5-8 inch curved cone • Other – tall, straight trunks, 50-90 feet

  3. Eastern White Pine

  4. Eastern Hemlock • Needle - ½ inch long, flat needle, Dark green above, 2 white parallel lines beneath • Bark – brown to red, thick, rough, grooved. • Cone – ¾ inch egg-shaped • Other – PA State Tree

  5. Eastern Hemlock

  6. Norway Spruce • Needle - ¾ inch long, sharp-point, dark green • Bark – reddish brown to gray, scaly • Cone – 4-7 inches, light brown, fine teeth • Other – Introduced Tree, drooping branches on mature trees

  7. Norway Spruce

  8. Scots Pine • Needle – 1 ½ – 3 ½ inch long, bluish-green, twisted, 2 per bundle • Bark – upper reddish brown, lower gray, scaly, thin • Cone- 1 ½ – 2 ½ inches • Other – Introduced Tree, Also know as the “Scotch” pine.

  9. Scots Pine

  10. Red Maple • Leaf - 4 inch long, 3 shallow lobes, light green above • Bark – gray, irregular plates • Flower – Red, separate male and female flowers, Flower in early spring • Fruit - < 1 inch Red to Brown Keys • Other – Red leaves in fall

  11. Red Maple

  12. Norway Maple • Leaf – 5 lobed, 4-7 inches wide, dark green above. (Lobes shallow compared to sugar maple). • Bark – Dark gray brown, fissured with narrow ridges. • Flower – Greenish-yellow, separate male and female, bloom early spring. • Fruit – 1 ½ - 2 inch key, wide spread, mature in fall • Other – Milky sap from broken leaf stalks, leaf base points back.

  13. Norway Maple

  14. Silver Maple • Leaf – 5 Lobed, deep, 5 inches wide, bright green above, silver-white below • Bark – gray, furrowed with curly edges • Flowers – Reddish buds, separate male and female flowers, early spring • Fruit – 2 inch long key • Other 50-60 feet tall, many forks from trunk, droopy lower branches

  15. Silver Maple

  16. Sugar Maple • Leaf – 5 lobed, deep, 4 inches wide, bright green above • Bark – gray fissured with irregular flakes • Flower – Yellow/green on drooping clusters, early spring • Fruit – 1 – 1 ¼ long key, horseshoe shaped • Other – Bright yellow, orange or red leaves in fall, leaf base flat or straight.

  17. Sugar Maple

  18. Flowering Dogwood • Leaf - 3 to 5 inch long, smooth or entire, veins curve like a bow. • Bark – Brown, breaks into square plates • Flowers – sm. Yellow, 4 white bracts in spring • Fruit – ½ inch long red drupe • Other – Red leaves in fall

  19. Flowering Dogwood

  20. Northern Catalpa • Leaf – 6 to 12 inches long, 8 to 10 inches wide, heart-shaped, entire, dull green, hairy beneath. • Bark – Brown, shallow ridges • Flower – Bell shaped, white, in June • Fruit – 15 inch long bean pod. • Other – Nicknamed the “cigar tree”

  21. Northern Catalpa

  22. Black Cherry • Leaf – 2 to 5 inches long, tapering tip, shiny green above, toothed • Bark – young = smooth, older = fissured and scaly • Flowers – White drooping clusters in June • Fruit – 3/8 inch cherry – red or black • Other – crushed leaves smell like cherry

  23. Black Cherry

  24. Tuliptree / Tulip Poplar • Leaf - Alternate, simple, 5” long, 4-6” across, 4 lobes with square off and broadly notched tips, bright green • Bark – Young = dark green with whitish vertical streaks, older trunks = gray and furrowed • Fruit – cone like 2 ½ – 3” long made of wing seeds. • Flower – greenish yellow tulip like flowers in May or June • Other - Tall, 140’ feet, wood used for veneer, Wildlife eat seeds.

  25. Tuliptree / Tulip Poplar

  26. American Beech • Leaf – 3 to 4 inch long, leathery, tapered tip, sharp teeth, lt. green glossy above. • Bark – smooth gray • Flowers – flowers with new leaves, • Fruit – Prickly 4 piece bur with pale brown nuts. • Other – 60 to 80 ft tall.

  27. American Beech

  28. Sweet Birch • Leaf 3 ½ inches long, pointed, double saw tooth, dull green above, heart shaped base • Bark – red/brown, smooth when young, older = gray, lg. plates • Flowers – green in spring • Fruit - 1 ½ long cone of winged seeds • Other – Crushed leaves have a wintergreen or rootbeer smell.

  29. Sweet Birch

  30. Black Oak • Leaf – 4-8 inches long, 3-5 inches wide, deep lobes with pointed tips, smooth shiny above, rusty hairs beneath. • Bark – Dull, black, irregular furrows • Flowers - Small, greenish flowers in spring • Fruit – 1 inch long acorn, loose scales • Other – 75 feet tall

  31. Black Oak

  32. Pin Oak • Leaf – 4-6 inches long, 4 inches wide, very deep lobes, with pointed tips, smooth above, hairs below • Bark – Gray, fissured into short, broad ridges • Flowers – Small, greenish, in spring • Fruit – ½ long round acorn, shallow cup • Other – 60 feet tall

  33. Pin Oak

  34. Northern Red Oak • Leaf - 4-9 inches long, 6 inches wide, shallow pointed lobes, smooth above, hairs below. • Bark – gray, rounded ridges • Flower – small and green, spring • Fruit – ¾ - 1 ¼ long acorn, semi-shallow cup • 90 feet tall, commonly planted for shade

  35. Northern Red Oak

  36. White Oak • Leaf – 6-9 inches long, 4 inches wide, deep round lobes, bright green above, pale below • Bark – Pale, gray, shallow fissures, flaky • Flower – small and green, spring • Fruit – ¾ - 1 inch long, warty cup • Other - 80 – 100 feet tall

  37. White Oak

  38. Eastern Redbud • Leaf – 3-5 inch long, heart-shaped, entire, dark green • Bark – Reddish brown, shallow fissures • Flowers – small rose colored, early spring • Fruit – 2 ½ - 3 inch pod, turns brown in fall • Other – Small tree, 15-30 feet tall

  39. Eastern Redbud

  40. Sassafras • Leaf – 4-6 inches long, 3 types on tree (entire, 2 lobes, or 3 lobes), dark green • Bark – brown, long fissures • Flowers – Clusters of yellow flowers, early spring • Fruit – ½ inch diameter berry, blue on a red stem. • Other – med tree, 50 feet tall, usually shrubby

  41. Sassafras

  42. Sycamore • Leaf - 4-7 inches across, wider than long, 3-5 shallow lobes, often confused with maple, light green and yellowish • Bark – lower trunk brown flakes, upper peeling bark, brown, gray, green • Fruit – Brown ball, 1 inch, persists through winter, • Other – 70-125 feet tall, along rivers and streams.

  43. Sycamore

  44. Box Elder • Leaf – 3-5 Leaflets, coarsely toothed, irregular, each 2-4 inches long. • Bark – grayish brown, narrow ridges • Flower – male and female, greenish yellow in spring • Fruit – 1 ½ -2 inch long key, persist into winter • Other – med size tree, usually around waste land, road sides, many sprouts from trunk

  45. Box Elder

  46. Horsechestnut (Buckeye) • Leaf – Palmately arranged 7 leaflets, up to 15 inch long, toothed, dark green • Bark - Gray, thin plates • Flower – lg clusters of white flowers, upright, early summer • Fruit – 1-2 inch nut, spiny shell, round, brown • Other – Ornamental from Asia, nuts are poisonous

  47. Horsechestnut

  48. Black Walnut • Leaf – Pinnately compound, 15-23 leaflets, 3-4 inch each, small teeth, yellow-green above, hairy below, end leaflets absent or very small • Bark – Dark brown, thick deep furrows • Flowers – Drooping green, small, spring, with leaves • Fruit – 1-2 inch nut, green husk • Other – Valuable wood, edible nuts

  49. Black Walnut

  50. Black Locust • Leaf – Pinnately compound, 7-19 oval leaflets, each 1-2 inch long, entire, dark green • Bark – light gray, thick furrowed, raised ridges • Flowers- drooping clusters, white, June • Fruit – 2-4 inch long, flat pod, fall • Other – spines on twigs

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