An Introduction to the GRAPPLE Authoring Paradigm & Toolset

An Introduction to the GRAPPLE Authoring Paradigm & Toolset Jonathan Foss Alexandra Cristea University of Warwick, UK

The GRAPPLE Framework

The GAT Framework Learner Model Domain Course Pedagogical Relations

GRAPPLE Authoring Tool (GAT) • Separates the challenge of creating an Adaptive Course into four distinct areas: • Domains (e.g., Astronomy, Finance, etc.) • Pedagogical Relations (prerequisites, etc.) • Learner Models (beginner, int, adv learners; etc.) • Courses (combine above elements) • GAT provides tools to address each area • Different authors use different tools! • Separate editing views for beginner/ advanced authors

Defining Concepts The Domain Tool

Domain • Structure content into concepts • Relationships defined between concepts is-composed-of is-a

Domain: Concepts • Concepts • Name and Description • Resources: URLs to actual content • Properties: Metadata • These can be used for pedagogical purposes later on in the course tool • E.g., the order of the concepts in the menu

Domain: Relationships • Relationships • Allow the definition of inherent domain links between concepts • Custom relationships can also be defined • These can be used for pedagogical purposes later on in the course tool • e.g. “parent” relationship allows the menu to be structured parent Jupiter Planet

Domain: Concepts

Creating a Course The Course Tool

Creating a Course • Author can create a course by using pedagogical rules and domain concepts • A beginner author has a list of pedagogical rules to select from

Basic Pedagogical Rules • Rules define the behaviour of the course • For instance G(rapple)-Prerequisite: States that Planet should be visited before Mars is recommended Items: Planet Name: source Items: Mars Name: target G-Prerequisite

Basic Pedagogical Rules • G(rapple)-Start • G(rapple)-Layout Items: Solar System Name: self States that Solar System should be shown first G-Start States that Solar System, Planet and Star should be included in the layout menu for the course Items: Solar System, Planet, Star Name: self G-Layout

Basic Pedagogical Rules • There are 12 default pedagogical rules • G-Prerequisite-Parent • G-Knowledge-Update • G-Knowledge-Propagation • G-Knowledge-Propagation-Parent • G-Hide • G-Unhide • G-Visit • G-Quiz

Creating a Course • Insert pedagogical rules into the course • Insert concepts into the sockets of the rules

Creating a Course

Advanced Mode: Defining pedagogies Creating Pedagogical Rules

Creating Pedagogical Rules • Advanced users can use the Pedagogical Relationship Type tool to define their own rules:

Creating Pedagogical Rules • In the Meta Info tab, authors can add a comment to describe how the rule behaves • Parameters can also be defined

Creating Pedagogical Rules • Adaptation rules can be specified using GALE code %target% { #suitability & !`(${%source%#knowledge}>%level%)` }

Creating Pedagogical Rules • Rules can read/write learner model variables

Creating Pedagogical Rules • Constraints can be specified:

Creating Pedagogical Rules • Associating domain relations with this rule

Demo

Conclusions • GAT divides the authoring challenge into: • Domain • Course • Pedagogical Rules • Authors can specialize according to their ability and interests • Tools use simple paradigms, with graphical representations

Conclusions • Come to the Authoring Workshop this afternoon to get a hands-on experience! • Thank you for listening • Any Questions?

An Introduction to the GRAPPLE Authoring Paradigm & Toolset