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Question 1

Question 1. Redonculous practice: Too general a topic will result a weak paper;. Narrow the scope to enlarge the impact! “Parallel Study” makes better sense. Question 4: Rebellion of Hong Jing 侯景 (548 AD) vs. An Lushan Rebellion (755-762) What pattern can we infer from all this?.

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Question 1

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  1. Question 1 • Redonculous practice: Too general a topic will result a weak paper; • Narrow the scope to enlarge the impact! • “Parallel Study” makes better sense.

  2. Question 4: Rebellion of Hong Jing 侯景 (548 AD) vs. An Lushan Rebellion (755-762)What pattern can we infer from all this? • The gate to Jiankang (now Nanjing), capital of the Southern Liang Dynasty, was opened by one of the princes… • Xiao Zhengde 萧正德 • His nephew, adopted son (grievance over fairness—crown prince) • The easiest is to breach a fortress from within. ---Lenin • The Rebellion of An Lushan in the Tang Dynasty (East Asia 100) 755-762 AD • Tension between An Lushan and Yang Guozhong whose sister was Yang Yuhuan • 贵妃【guìfēi】 highest-ranking imperial concubine

  3. Xiao Yan: Emperor Wu of Liangr. 502-549 (47 years) 81 • Patron of Buddhism and Literature/Art • Xiao Tong (501–531) --太子【tàizǐ】 crown prince. • Rebellion of Hong Jing (548 AD)

  4. A Strong Leader • Emperor Wu of Liang (梁武帝) (464-549), personal name Xiao Yan (蕭衍), courtesy name Shuda (叔達), nickname Lian'er (練兒), was the founding emperor of the Chinese dynasty Liang Dynasty. His reign, until the end, was one of the most stable and prosperous during the Southern Dynasties.

  5. Xiao Yan’s ideological change—from Confucianism to Buddhism • Xiao Zong’s father was Xiao Baojuan, former corrupted emperor of Southern Qi; • Xiao Yan established his dynasty and took Xiao Zong’s mother Wu Shuyuan as his consort, then 7 months pregnant; • Xiao Zong later felt he was treated with difference/DNA test/Openly revolted • This incident hurt Xiao Yan deeply… • The emperor checked into a temple four times

  6. 《赠逸民十一》To the Hermit by Xiao Yan • rú lǒng shēng mù mù yǒu yì xīn • 如 垄 生 木。 木 有 异 心。 • rú lín míng niǎo niǎo yǒu shū yīn • 如 林 鸣 鸟。 鸟 有 殊 音。 • rú jiāng yóu yú yú yǒu fú chén • 如 江 游 鱼。 鱼 有 浮 沉。 • yán yán shān gāo zhàn zhàn shuǐ shēn • 岩 岩 山 高。 湛 湛 水 深。 • shì jì yì jiàn lǐ xiàng nán xún • 事 迹 易 见。 理 相 难 寻。

  7. To the Hermit • As a raised path nurtures the tree--the tree has a separate mind; • As woods give voice to the bird--the bird sings a different song; • As the river floats the fish--the fish go their own way. • Cliff on cliff, mountain high: clear, clear, water dark: • The marks of things are visible; the grain of the heart is hard to find. • Trans. by Weizhi Gao

  8. The An Lushan Rebellion(755-762) • 1. Xuanzong was distracted (East Asia 99-100) • 2. practice of nepotism related to his precious lady Yang Yuhuan/dynamic relationship between An Lushan and Yang Guozhong, Precious Lady’s brother; • 3. Misplaced trust in An Lushan/ • “adopted mother” or god-mother • 4. Non-Chinese military governors

  9. Emperor Xuanzong of Tang唐玄宗李隆基（685－762） • Emperor Xuanzong of Tang wearing the robes and the hat of a scholar

  10. Four Beauties Xi Shi 西施, a beauty in the Spring and Autumn Perid (from Yue to Wu) Wang Zhaojun 王昭君 Diao Chan 貂蝉 杨贵妃，本名杨玉环 （719－756) Precious Lady Yang Yuhuan

  11. 邯郸学步【hándānxuébù】 imitate others slavishly and thus lose one's individuality. • 东施效颦【dōngshīxiàopín】 Dong Shi, an ugly women, knitting her brows in imitation of the famous beauty Xi Shi, only to make herself uglier - blind imitation with ludicrous effect.

  12. Huaqing Pool is located at the foot of north Lishan Hill in Lintong, leaning against Wei River in the north and about 30 kilometers from the city of Xi'an, and enjoys quite favorable geographical location boasting green mountains and blue water. Huaqing Pool, A Hot Spring

  13. Huaqing Hot Spring has been the site of a famous imperial bathing pool and various palace complexes over its 3,000 year history. It is a National Cultural Relic and one of China’s Hundred Famous Gardens. Huaqing (Hua means brilliant, Chinese or flowery; qing means pure or clear) Huaqing Hot Spring

  14. No. 7: Taizong of Tang (91) vs. Taizu of Song (154) • Incident at Xuanwu Gate (626 AD) • Reign of Zhenguan“贞观之治”627－649-- a golden age of Chinese history and required study for future crown princes. • Taizu of Song • Curbing generals by a glass of wine • 杯酒释兵权 (963) • 强干弱枝: strong (tree) trunks vs. weak branches for stronger and more centralized government to prevent “local snakes” from growing

  15. “民，水也；君，舟也。水能载舟，亦能覆舟。 A monarch to his subjects is as water to a boat; Water can carry a boat; it can also capsize it. Nevertheless, Li Shimin turned out to be a great emperor Li Shimin’s Quotation

  16. (605 or 617? - 649) was the founder of the Tibetan Empire (Tibetan: Bod; Chinese: 吐蕃, Tubo/Tufan), by tradition held to be the thirty-third ruler in his dynasty. 5000 taels of gold, a unit of weight, used in the Far East, having various values between one to two and a half ounces Question 8: Songtsän Gampo 松赞干布

  17. Taizong of Tang metTibetan ambassador唐太宗接见吐蕃使者 • Emperor Taizong Li Shimin (r. 626-649) receives Ludongzan, 禄东赞 ambassador of Tibet, at his court; painted in 641 AD by Yan Liben 阎立本 (600-673)

  18. One marriage is equal to 100,000 elite troops; Generous dowry Chinese civilization was introduced to Tibet; Contests for her hand Political SignificancePrincess Wencheng 文成公主(640 AD)

  19. In 641, Li Shimin sent Princess Wencheng to Tibet Potala Palace (in Tibet) was built for Princess Wencheng Princess Wencheng文成公主 (623—680）

  20. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GSrUmmFHuKw 54 BCE • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RVw5CHX09gM&feature=related • Wild Goose Falling • Goat-cart/salt water • Mao Yanshou

  21. Question 9: Empress Wu Zetian (East Asia 97-99) • Her achievements • Her cruelty

  22. Second Zhou Dynasty (690–705) Palace Examination 殿试【diànshì】 final imperial examination (presided over by the emperor) was pioneered by Wu Zetian Wu Zetian（624－705）hold court from behind a screen/curtain

  23. Xianyang, Shaanxi Province 1. Self aggrandization? 2. Self conscious of her own transgression? 3. The art of leaving a blank space for later generations to assess? Wordless Stelefor Wu Zetian 无字碑

  24. Di Renjie (630-700)A Chinese Sherlock Holms • Celebrated Cases of Judge Dee (Dee Goong An) • Trans. Robert van Gulik • Empress Wu’s chancellor

  25. Sherlock Holms • Sherlock Holmes ( /ˈʃɜrlɒkˈhoʊmz/)is a fictional detective created by Scottish author and physician Sir Arthur Conan Doyle. A brilliant London-based "consulting detective", Holmes is famous for his astute logical reasoning, his ability to take almost any disguise, and his use of forensic science skills to solve difficult cases.

  26. Arthur Conan Doyle1859 – 1930Sherlock Holmes (right) and Dr. Watson, by Sidney Paget

  27. Di Renjie (630-700)& Bao Zheng (999–1062) • From 2004 to 2007, CCTV Network of China aired three consecutive drama series based on Di Renjie's detective works, under the title "Amazing Detective Di Renjie (神探狄仁杰)". • Bao Zheng (Justice Bao ) in the Northern Song Dynasty • A Chinese Solomon • Two women competed against each other for a son; • How to determine who is the real biographical mother? • Water of the Yellow River has become clear

  28. Judgment of Solomona metaphor referring to a wise judge who uses a stratagem to determine the truth, tricking the parties into revealing their true feelings • The story is recounted in 1Kings 3:16-28. Two young women who lived in the same house and who both had an infant son came to Solomon for a judgment. One of the women claimed that the other, after accidentally smothering her own son while sleeping, had exchanged the two children to make it appear that the living child was hers. The other woman denied this and so both women claimed to be the mother of the living son and said that the dead boy belonged to the other. • After some deliberation, King Solomon called for a sword to be brought before him. He declared that there is only one fair solution: the live son must be split in two, each woman receiving half of the child. Upon hearing this terrible verdict, the boy's true mother cried out, "Please, My Lord, give her the live child—do not kill him!"

  29. Li Po (701 – 762) Peak of Romanticism Precious Lady ground ink for him Question 10: Li Po, a Tang Poet(East Asia 102)

  30. Quiet Night Thoughtshttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-bDUbG9wz2I • Before my bed, bright moonlight • I mistake it for frost on the ground • Raising my head, I stare at the bright moon; • Lowering my head, I think of home. • 床前明月光 • 疑是地上霜。 • 举头望明月， • 低头思故乡

  31. Tang Poet representing the peak of realism in depicting the reality His life, like the whole country, was devastated by the An Lushan Rebellion of 755, and his last 15 years were a time of almost constant unrest. “poet sage" (詩聖 shī shèng), a counterpart to the philosophical sage, Confucius. Tu Fu (712–770) (East Asia 103)With his Moral Engagement

  32. Li Qingzhao （1084－1155）(East Asia 171) • Lu Defu 陆德夫 as critic: three lines are the best! • Don’t say that one’s soul cannot dissolve; • The curtain is rolled up by the west wind, • I am more wasted than the yellow flowers.

  33. –noun a poetic motif emphasizing the transitory nature of youth, life, and beauty, found esp. in medieval Latin poems. Ubi sunt (literally "where are...") is a phrase taken from the Latin Ubi sunt qui ante nos fuerunt?, meaning "Where are those who were before us?" Ubi nunc...?, "where now?", is a common variant Su Shi/Sushi (1037 – 1101) Ubi sunthttp://dictionary.reference.com/browse/Ubi+sunt%0B

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