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Chapter 5

Chapter 5. ADJECTIVES. Learning Objectives. 1. To recognize adjectives. 2. To distinguish limiting adjectives from descriptive adjectives. 3. To use adjectives effectively. 4. To place adjectives appropriately. 5. To use adjectives to make accurate comparisons. Adjective Basics.

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Chapter 5

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  1. Chapter 5 ADJECTIVES

  2. Learning Objectives 1 To recognize adjectives 2 To distinguish limiting adjectives from descriptive adjectives 3 To use adjectives effectively 4 To place adjectives appropriately 5 To use adjectives to make accurate comparisons

  3. Adjective Basics • Adjectives modify nouns and pronouns. • The two kinds of adjectives are • limiting adjectives. • descriptive adjectives. • Limiting adjectives indicate how many or which persons, places, things, or concepts are involved. Refer to CHECKPOINT 1.

  4. Limiting Adjectives • Proper use of a and an • Some words can be used both as limiting adjectives and as pronouns. • When they modify nouns or pronouns, they function as adjectives. • When they serve as subjects or objects, they function as pronouns. Refer to CHECKPOINTS 2 and 3.

  5. Limiting Adjectives (continued) • Agreement between limiting adjectives and nouns • Two limiting adjectives—which and what—are also called interrogative adjectives and are • used in direct questions. • used in indirect questions in which someone else’s question is restated. Refer to CHECKPOINTS 4 and 5. Refer to APPLICATIONS 5-1 through 5-3.

  6. Descriptive Adjectives • Descriptive adjectives modify nouns and describe their characteristics and qualities • Limiting adjectives always precede descriptive adjectives. • If two or more descriptive adjectives independently modify the same noun and the order of the adjectives can be reversed, insert a comma between the two adjectives. • Many descriptive adjectives can be recognized by characteristic endings. Refer to CHECKPOINTS 6 and 7

  7. Proper & Compound Adjectives • Proper adjectives are derived from proper nouns and are usually capitalized. • Compound adjectives are formed by combining two or more words into a single modifier expressing a single characteristic. • When compound adjectives precede the modified noun, they are usually hyphenated. • When they follow the modified noun, they are usually not hyphenated. Refer to CHECKPOINTS 8 and 9.

  8. Placement of Descriptive Adjectives 1 Before the noun 2 After a linking verb 3 After the noun 4 At the beginning of the sentence Refer to CHECKPOINT 10. Refer to APPLICATIONS 5-4 and 5-5.

  9. Descriptive Adjectivesin Comparisons Refer to CHECKPOINT 11.

  10. More About Comparisons • Logical phrasing in the comparative degree • Comparison of similar things in the comparative degree • Double comparisons using as and than Refer to CHECKPOINTS 12 through 14.

  11. More About Comparisons (continued) • Use of the descriptive adjectives preferable, superior, and inferior in comparisons • Special distinctions in the forms and uses of farther/further, later/latter, latest/last, fewer/less Refer to CHECKPOINTS 15 and 16. Refer to APPLICATIONS 5-6 and 5-7. Refer to CHAPTER 5 REVIEW. Refer to APPLY YOUR KNOWLEDGE.

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