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Objective Personality Tests

Objective Personality Tests. Examples of uni -dimensional traits Surveys. Locus of Control Type A/B Tolerance of Ambiguity Need for Cognition Bem Sex-Role Inventory Personal Attributes Questionnaire (PAQ ). Locus of Control. Julian Rotter 1966 Internal vs External

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Objective Personality Tests

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  1. Objective Personality Tests

  2. Examples of uni-dimensional traitsSurveys • Locus of Control • Type A/B • Tolerance of Ambiguity • Need for Cognition • BemSex-Role Inventory • Personal Attributes Questionnaire (PAQ)

  3. Locus of Control • Julian Rotter • 1966 • Internal vs External • Control of reinforcement • Internal = own action determines rewards • External = rewards determined by luck, fate, chance

  4. Type A/B • Friedman and Jordan • 1950s • Type A = ambitious, rigidly organized, highly status conscious, sensitive, truthful, impatient, try to help others, meet deadlines, multi-task • Type B = apathetic, patient, relaxed, easy-going, no sense of time schedule, poor organizational skills

  5. Tolerance for Ambiguity • MSTAT - Multiple Stimulus Types Ambiguity Tolerance • David McLain 1993 • “ability to tolerate contradictory and incalculable information” • Trait or state?

  6. Need for Cognition • Cacioppo and Petty • 1982 • “tendency for an individual to engage in and enjoy thinking”

  7. Bem Sex-Role Inventory (BSRI) • Sandra Bem • 1974 • Masculine and feminine traits • 20 m traits, 20 f, 20 “distractors” • Gender roles = how people identify themselves psychologically

  8. Bem “alternatives” • Gender Traits Test – link • Personal Attributes Questionnaire (PAQ) • Spence, Helmreichand Stapp – 1974 • Instrumental and expressive characteristics

  9. Examples of uni-dimensional traitsBehavioral • Impulsive/Reflective (Kagan - Matching familiar figures) • Field Dependent/Independent (Witkin - embedded figures)

  10. Impulsive/Reflective Matching Familiar Figures – (MFF) • Jerome Kagan – 1965 • Based on time to react • Slower, more accurate = reflective • Faster, less accurate = impulsive

  11. Field Dependent/Independent Embedded Figures Test – (EFT) Herman Witkin – 1950’s

  12. Field Dependent – has trouble finding geometric shape embedded in background = very interpersonal, reads social cues well, openly convey own feelings. Women more likely field dependent

  13. Field independent – readily finds geometric shape regardless of background = has internal frame of reference, imposes own sense of order on situation lacking structure, impersonal and task oriented, separate own self identity from field. Men frequently field independent.

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