All work and no play…

1. All work and no play…

2. The APUSH ReviewYou say you want a revolution?the revolution era

3. "Salutary Neglect” • Between 1713 and 1763 American colonials saw reduced gov't intervention in colonial affairs. • Britain felt that if  the colonies were left alone to run their own affairs with minimal interference, they would produce more wealth and commerce, prosper, and cause less trouble. • Britain would simply provide peace, protection, commerce, law and order, and immigrants • Colonies left to raise &equip own militia against the Indians. • In effect, colonies left alone; had to develop self-reliance; effective organization

4. The Mercantilist System • Colonies exist for the benefit of the mother country • add to empire's wealth, prosperity, and self-sufficiency. • seen as tenants • benefit Great Britain by ensuring British naval supremacy by furnishing ships, ships' stores, sailors and trade • provide a large consumer market for British goods. • keep gold & silver in the empire by growing cash crops like sugar that would otherwise have to be purchased from foreigners • Navigation Laws passed to enforce the system – restricted colonial trade

5. The Good and the Bad • Positive results of British Mercantilism 1. Until 1763, Laws not an intolerable economic burden 2. Colonials had rights of Englishmen and unusual opportunities for self-government 3. Colonies enjoyed British military protection free of charge 4. Colonies greatly profited from manufacturing and trading. • Negative impact of mercantilism 1. Colonial economy did not develop as quickly2. Southern colonies favored by British -- New Englanders grew resentful. 3. Writs of Assistance -- Search warrants used by British customs officers to harass colonial shipping.

6. Act I, Scene I • Molasses Act(1733) -- Imposed heavy duties(6-pence duty) on all molasses, rum and sugar imported form French Caribbean. • Currency Act(1764) -- restricted colonial printing of paper money so they would pay back their debts and taxes with hard currency • Sugar Acts(1764) -- Aimed to regulate illegal triangular trade to collect duties that the colonists had been averting for decades. • Quartering Act (1765) -- Certain colonies required to provide food & quarters for British troops.

7. Act II • The Stamp Act (1765) -- Perhaps the single most important event leading to the American Revolution • Purpose: Raise revenues to support the new military force in the colonies • Required use of stamped paper or affixed stamps certifying payment of tax. • Colonists believed "virtual representation" was neither adequate nor justified -- "No taxation w/o representation" • Resulted in the Stamp Act Congress – no power, but created venue for colonies to work together • Townshend Acts (1767) • Meant to punish the colonies for the Stamp Act uproar • Provisions: Small import duty on glass, white lead, paper, paint, silk and tea. • Revenues from taxes to pay the salaries of royal governors and judges • Led to the “Boston Massacre” and the Committees of Correspondence

8. Act III • Tea Act(1773) • British gov't granted British East India Company a monopoly of American tea business. • Americans reacted angrily: saw Act as a sneaky attempt to trick colonies to accept the tax through cheaper tea. • Boston Tea Party, Dec. 16, 1773 -- Sons of Liberty dumped the tea into the harbor. • "Intolerable Acts" (Coercive Acts) • Boston Port Act -- harbor remained closed until damages were paid • Massachusetts charter revoked • Administration of Justice Act: officials who killed colonists could now be tried in England instead of the colonies. • Quartering Act: Provided for the quartering of troops once again in Boston. • Quebec Act: religious and cultural freedom for French Canadians

9. the 1st Continental Congress • Response to "Intolerable Acts" • Main purpose: Petition for redress of grievances --Declaration and Resolves • The Association: most significant action of the Congress • called for a complete boycott of British goods: nonimportation, nonexportation, and nonconsumption. • Yet, Congress restated allegiance to the King • King and Parliament did not respond to Declaration and Resolves. • Would have recognized the Congress’ right as a legislative body.

10. The shot heard round the world Lexington and Concord • Parliament ordered thearrest of the leaders of the rebellion • a detachment of British redcoats sent secretly to Lexington & Concord to seize stores of gunpowder • Battle began when Minutemen refused to disperse on the Lexington Green and shots were fired.

11. the British side

12. the American side

13. The Declaration • Most Americans did not desire independence - proud to be British citizens • Reasons for shift of loyalty • Hiring of Hessians • Brits promised slaves who fought would be freed - persuaded southerners to join the war effort. • No aid from France unless they declared independence • Declaration not addressed to England, nor did signers expect any response from the king. • 3 major parts: • Preamble - Stated the rights of colonists to break away if natural rights were not protected • List of 27 grievances of the colonies • Formal declaration of independence

14. Articles of Confederation • Adopted in 1777 - first constitution in U.S. history   • Set up by 2nd Continental Congress to: • organize a nation and an army • maintain civil order • establish international recognition and credit • defend its territory from the British • resolve internal quarrels and competition • No power to: regulate trade, conscript troops, levy taxes. • Power given to states - fearful of central authority • Land Ordinance of 1785- Acreage of the Old NW to be sold; proceeds to pay national debt. • Northwest Ordinance of 1787 - Territories would become a state when it had 60k inhabitants; equal status w/other states.

15. Making of the Peace Treaty of Paris of 1783:  Britain formally recognized US independence • Granted US generous boundaries stretching to the Mississippi to the Great Lakes and to Spanish Florida • British promised troops would not take slaves from America. • American concessions: • Loyalists could not be further persecuted • Confiscated Loyalist property be restored • America was to pay British creditors for debts long owed • America alone gained from the war • Britain lost colonies and other territories • France got revenge but was bankrupt leading to the French Revolution.

16. Was the Revolution radical? • Made the interests and prosperity of ordinary people - the pursuit of happiness - the goal of government • Changed the personal and social relationships of people • Made possible egalitarian thinking: subsequent anti-slavery and women's rights movements and destroyed aristocracy • Brought respectability to ordinary people long held in contempt - gave dignity to their menial labor in a manner unprecedented in history • Brought about an entirely new kind of popular politics and a new kind of democratic officeholder • Released powerful popular entrepreneurial and commercial energies that few realized existed - transformation occurred without the industrial revolution, urbanization, & railroads