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Published by Pearson Education India Authored by Edgar Thorpe & Showick Thorpe

Published by Pearson Education India Authored by Edgar Thorpe & Showick Thorpe. PART 1:LITHOSPHERE [Section-5] Topics Covered Slide Numbers 5.1 Rocks [2-6] 5.2 The Continents [7-8] 5.3 Mountains [9-11].

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Published by Pearson Education India Authored by Edgar Thorpe & Showick Thorpe

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  1. Published byPearson Education IndiaAuthored byEdgar Thorpe & Showick Thorpe PART 1:LITHOSPHERE [Section-5]Topics CoveredSlide Numbers 5.1 Rocks [2-6] 5.2 The Continents [7-8] 5.3 Mountains [9-11]

  2. Question 1: Lithosphere is the topmost crust of the earth. Its thickness around mountains in high mountain region ranges from_____ to _____. Answer: 35 to 50 in continents, and between 6 to 12 in ocean beds. Extra Fact Punch: The topmost portion of the earth’s crust comprises of soil, sand and rocks. Lithosphere constitutes about 1% of the total earth’s volume and 0.4% of its mass.

  3. Question 2: About 95% of the earth’s crust is made of igneous rocks. And it is also known that all other types of rocks originate from igneous rocks, so they are also known as______. Answer: Primary rocks. Extra Fact Punch: Igneous rocks are of three types. (a) Granite (b) Basalt (c) Volcanic

  4. Question 3: Comparable name for sedimentary rocks. Answer: Stratified rocks. Extra Fact Punch: Sedimentary rocks are also called Stratified rocks because these rocks are formed in horizontal layers, called Strata and take million years to harden into rocks.

  5. Question 4: Metamorphic rocks originated either from sedimentary or igneous rocks. Site few examples of metamorphic rocks? Answer: Slate, Quartize, Gneiss and marble. Extra Fact Punch: Metamorphic rocks change due to pressure , intense temperature or the action of water and chemical activity.

  6. Question 5: Gypsum, chalk and limestone all these are examples of sedimentary rocks. What led to their formation? Answer: Chemical sedimentation. Extra Fact Punch: Peat, lignite, bituminous coal, anthracite are formed from deposition of organic matter.

  7. Question 6: Asia is the largest continent with area covering 44,030,000 km2 then name the smallest continent. Answer: Australia. Extra Fact Punch: It is believed that islands were originated from one land mass called Pangaea.

  8. Question 7: Site some new or young mountain ranges other than Himalaya-Karakoram in Asia. Answer: Andes, Alps, Rockies. Extra Fact Punch: The highest peak Mt.Everest ranges(8,848). Old mountains were formed in the pre-drift era long before the continental masses. The Pennines (Europe), Appalachians (America), and the Aravallis (India) are examples of old mountains.

  9. Question 8: Name the two other mountains which are sometimes alleged as highest mountains on Earth. Answer: Mauna Kea in Hawaii, Chimborazo in Ecuador. Extra Fact Punch: Mauna Kea rises over 10,203mwhen measured from its base on the mid-ocean floor. and Chimborazo is 2,168m farther from the earth’s centre.

  10. Question 9: Which instrument is placed on Mount Everest to detect slight rates of geological uplift? Answer: Global Positioning technology. Extra Fact Punch: GPS is a global navigating satellite system.

  11. Question 10: Mt.Fujiyama in Japan, Mt.Vesuvius in Italy and Cotopaxi in Andes (North America) are examples of _____. Answer: Volcanic mountains. Extra Fact Punch: Volcanic mountains are also called as mountains of accumulation. It is estimated that there are about 850 active volcanoes, 80 of which are on the ocean-floor.

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