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Class 5b: Population and Migration

Class 5b: Population and Migration. Push and pull factors Types of migration Determining destinations. Migration basics. Long-distance change of residence and “activity space” Pull and push factors International or internal Voluntary or forced Affects both receiving and sending places.

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Class 5b: Population and Migration

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  1. Class 5b: Population and Migration • Push and pull factors • Types of migration • Determining destinations

  2. Migration basics • Long-distance change of residence and “activity space” • Pull and push factors • International or internal • Voluntary or forced • Affects both receiving and sending places

  3. Pull and push factors • Pulls: economic opportunity, natural resources, climate, freedom • Pushes: war or conflict, natural disaster, population pressure • Political or economic trends • Changes in life cycle or career cycle

  4. International migration • 3% of world population • Wide range of push and pull factors • Major cultural and political impacts • Remittances to home country

  5. Internal migration • From one region or state to another

  6. Internal migration • Rural to urban migration • Push: land or income shortage • Pull: jobs • Historically goes with industrialization • Population shift in developing countries

  7. Voluntary or forced • Voluntary: free choice • Forced: not your choice • Slavery • Refugees • Redevelopment

  8. Where to? • Hierarchy of destination decision-making • Different scales mean different factors • Country • Region or city • Neighborhood

  9. Where to? • Migration field: for a given place, where people tend to come from and go to • Distance or accessibility • Cultural or social similarity • Personal contacts

  10. Where to? • Channelized migration: historical patterns matter • Great Migration (1890-1920) • 500,000 African-Americans • Economic/social push • Economic pull • North to South and rural to urban

  11. Where to? • Return migration: back to place of origin • Up to 25% of all migrants • Unsuccessful trip, or the goal all along • Guestworkers: intended to be temporary

  12. U.S. Immigration and California • Unrestricted immigration till 1880s • Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 • National Origins Act of 1924 • 1934 restrictions on Filipinos • Bracero program of 1942-1964 • Today, preference to families or skilled workers

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