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WHO /DAFT WSP Partnership Review Meeting WPRO, Manila, Philippines

WHO /DAFT WSP Partnership Review Meeting WPRO, Manila, Philippines. 24-26 June 2014. Water Safety Plans in PICs: Cooks Islands, Samoa, Tonga and Vanuatu. Phase 1: 2006 – 2008. Phase 2: 2009 - 2010. Jointly implemented by WHO and SOPAC ; Budget: 500,000AUD, funded by AusAID/DFAT

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WHO /DAFT WSP Partnership Review Meeting WPRO, Manila, Philippines

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  1. WHO /DAFT WSP Partnership Review MeetingWPRO, Manila, Philippines 24-26 June 2014 Water Safety Plans in PICs: Cooks Islands, Samoa, Tonga and Vanuatu

  2. Phase 1: 2006 – 2008 Phase 2: 2009 - 2010 • Jointly implemented by WHO and SOPAC ; Budget: 500,000AUD, funded by AusAID/DFAT • Focus on funding soft improvements identified by WSPs developed in Pilot PICs • WSP audit and evaluation Jointly implemented by WHO, SOPAC (SPC) and NZMoH; Budget: 3 years, 500,000AUD Using an ‘Integrated Programmes’ approach comprising 3 programmes (WSP, Water Quality Monitoring (750,000AUD) and NZMoH PICs support programme(500,000NZD) WHO and SOPAC lead implementing agencies. Phase 3: 2012 - 2016 • Focus on capacity building for rural WSPs • Collaboration with multi-sectoral stakeholders in four PICs • Coordinated by Environmental Health specialist (WHO-SP) and supported by consultants

  3. Cook Islands Cook Islands has a population of approximately 20,000

  4. Institutional Arrangements National policy, regulatory framework Cook Islands Legislation No single national water management legislation in place; Rarotonga Waterworks Ordinance, 1960, and the Ministry of Supportive Services Act 1973, PH Law 2004. Draft National water policy There is draft National Water Policy (2007), which is due for review. Gaps Lack of a clear policy, legislative framework Infrastructure Cook Islands (ICI) - Rarotonga water supply MoH - rural, outer island water schemes, monitoring and surveillance MMR - management of coastal waters. NES - environmental protection and community capacity building including community-based water quality monitoring NGOs – The Cook Islands Association of NGOs (CIANGO) has a key role in water management. The Ministry of Finance & Economic Management (MFEM) The Office of the Ministry of Island Administration (OMIA) The Vaka Councils -local government institutions responsible for development and administration of districts

  5. Cook Islands WSP Mainstreaming Capacity building An emphasis was on WSPs for rural water schemes (such as rainwater systems). Additional training for islands other than Rarotonga is planned for 2014 /15. Influencing national policy The National Steering Committee has expressed the need for reviewing the draft National Water Policy and other government plans and strategies (Health, Environment etc.) to integrate WSP approach. Drinking Water Quality Monitoring capacity building Equipment provided in the Phase 1 and 2 projects is no longer being utilised. National Laboratory Capacity A recent study by Cowthron Institute (NZ) found that there were adequate opportunities for strengthening national water quality monitoring capacity and framework for Cook Islands. Strengthening WSP capacity at rural, household level Water quality monitoring using simple indicators tests including the Hydrogen-Sulphide (H2S) Test Kit was revisited by the running of the week long Household level WSPs and rainwater harvesting workshop in November 2013.

  6. Workplan & Budget Cook Islands

  7. Gaps & Challenges Cook Islands Way forward • Integration with ongoing water and sanitation projects may help enable WSP mainstreaming in central government policy, plans and/or strategies, • Incentives need to be identified to encourage central government to commit to WSP mainstreaming, • Community-based water quality monitoring initiative will be supported by WHO, • Technical Assistance to help Cook Islands government review the draft national Water Policy and other related policies, plans, and strategies, • Consideration of a central laboratory (MMR, NES, ICI) to support drinking water quality monitoring – with MoH lab providing surveillance function • Revitalize the National WSP Steering Committee to drive the WSP mainstreaming activities and deliverables going forward, and • WSP Training for outer island communities (Aitutaki). Enabling policy, legislative framework required for WSP mainstreaming Needs to strengthen institutional capacity for WSP mainstreaming. Lack of human resources is a major drawback for WSP mainstreaming.

  8. Cook Islands Success stories A weeklong Household WSP and Rainwater Harvesting capacity building workshop was a great success and this is demonstrated by wide media coverage of the event. Through the workshop in November 2013 community interest in monitoring of their own household water quality has been revived and WHO will support this initiative by shipping testing kits from Fiji initially, with the view to create the capacity to develop these kits in Rarotonga established eventually. WSP Project contributed to resolving the long-standing debate among government agencies (mainly MMR, NES and ICI) about the value of creating a central laboratory for drinking water quality monitoring (among other environmental monitoring). A study conducted by a specialist from the Cawthron Institute (NZ) found that a central laboratory was viable and should be considered by the various agencies. If the recommendations from this study are adopted and implemented, the capacity for drinking water quality monitoring will be significantly improved.

  9. Samoa Samoa has a population of approximately 200,000

  10. Institutional Arrangements National policy, regulatory framework Samoa The Strategy for the development of Samoa (2012-2016) identifies ‘Sustainable Access to Safe Drinking Water and Basic Sanitation’ as a key priority outcome. Legislation, policy, plans & strategies Health Act 2006, National Drinking Water Standards 2008, Water Resources Management Act 2008 (and policy 2010), Water Licensing Regulations 2011, Water for Life Sector Plan 2012-2016, and the Sector Framework for Action 2012-2016. The Water for Life Sector Plan & Sector Framework for Action 2012-2016 further guides development in the water sector – urban and rural. Samoa also has National Drinking Water Quality Standards enforced from 2008 . Samoa Water Authority (SWA) - operates government water supplies MoH - independent monitoring and WSP support Independent Water Schemes Association (IWSA) - operate private water supply schemes NGOs - provide funding and support including water activities National Water Sector Steering Committee – committee that over-sees water sector development in Samoa. Comprises the Ministries and Institutions, Independent Water Schemes Association (IWSA), Invited Donors (European Union; ADB and others), etc. Water Sector Coordination Unit (WSCU) - Secretariat for the WSSC.

  11. Samoa WSP Mainstreaming Capacity building Key Government and NGO staff trained since 2012. A TA is also planned to strengthen the capacity of SWA, MoH and IWSA in DWSP development, implementation and evaluation. Influencing national policy The Ministry of Health has funded a TA for the review of the 2008 National Drinking Water Quality Standards and ongoing support is provided by WSP Project to support further policy reviews and/or development through the relationship established between WHO, MoH, IWSA and the WSCU. Drinking Water Quality Monitoring capacity building A review of the EH curriculum (including climate change and health) provided by the University of Samoa will look at strengthening the capacity of MoH Environmental Health Officers to conduct drinking water quality surveillance.

  12. Workplan & Budget Samoa

  13. Samoa Gaps & Challenges Success stories The IWSA has facilitated the capacity building of at least 8 villages resulting in 4 DWSPs currently under development. WSP Project is providing IWSA with funding of selected improvements identified for each of the 4 villages. WSP Project provides an opportunity for the WSCU, MoH and SWA, to review the National Drinking Water Quality Standards 2008 and accompanying Guidelines, and to train in rural communities by SWA DWSP, IWSA and MoH. Funding of improvements identified through WSPs is inadequate to fund major infrastructure improvements required at some of the rural water supply schemes – need to introduce independent revues for water supplies Human resources (lack thereof or high turnover) is an ongoing issue, There is need to integrate DWSP approach in routine SWA operation, Way forward • Support to IWSA to facilitate community WSP capacity building, • Support to the WSCU to integrate WSP approach in water sector developments, • Develop a roadmap for mainstreaming WSP into national policies, and • Support WASH and CCH curriculum development at the University of Samoa.

  14. Vanuatu Vanuatu has a population of approximately 240,000

  15. Vanuatu Institutional Arrangements National policy, regulatory framework Legislation,Policy & Standards Water Resource Management Act No. 9 2002; Public Health Act No. 22 of 1994; Public Works Act. There is no succinct policy governing drinking water safety/quality. A draft National Drinking Water Quality Standards has been developed. Financing Traditionally rural water supply systems installed by DGMWR are largely funded by bilateral aid from a variety of donors such as Rotary, Water Aid or OXFAM. Gaps Lack of a clear policy, legislative and/or regulatory framework is a challenge for WSP mainstreaming and sustainable capacity building. Ministry of Health - managing drinking water quality monitoring, for rural water schemes Department of Geology Mines and Water Resources (DGMWR) – funds and constructs some of the rural water supply schemes Public Works Department – manages urban and some rural utilities. NGOs –funding and constructing some of the rural schemes. Also, some capacity building and education.

  16. Vanuatu WSP Mainstreaming Institutional capacity building targeted the 3 main government agencies – Ministry of Health, Department of Geology Mines and Water Resources and Public Works Development. Key staff from each agency actively participated in DWSP training workshops, overall coordination of the programme in Vanuatu, and development of education/awareness materials that promote DWSP approach and/or templates. The strong professional relationships among staff of each agency was an enabling condition. Community capacity building was facilitated by the staff of each of the three agencies and supported by WHO consultants. 7 villages (representing 4 provinces in the country) have been identified to undergo initial training in DWSP development. Live & Learn (a local NGO) has also assisted the government in translating DWSP materials in the local Bislama language. A partnership arrangement has been established between WHO and UNICEF on the integration of DWSP approach to the Human Security project implemented by UNICEF in 12 communities of which 5 WSPs developed. This partnership provides a strong model for integrating DWSP concepts in other water sector programmes/projects to further widen the reach of the DWSP approach in the provinces across Vanuatu.

  17. Workplan & Budget Vanuatu

  18. Vanuatu Gaps & Challenges Lack of human resources within the key government agencies is an issue that could influence sustainability of the DWSP capacity and activities. The limited funding available through the WSP Project is inadequate in implementing some of the major improvements identified and communities. Other donor funded projects could become a priority in future resulting in further reduced human resource availability for the DWSP activities, unless there is a mechanism in place through central government that formalises the DWSP process and ensures that the agencies responsible continue to provide WSP support to communities as needed. Way forward • Community capacity building for development and implementation of DWSPs – at least 7 DWSPs to be developed and implemented by 2016, • MoH/DGMWR capacity building in DWSP auditing • Assist in policy review as requested by Government of Vanuatu • Identify opportunities for integrating DWSP approach with other donor funded projects in the water sector.

  19. Vanuatu Success stories • Luganville WSP audit was undertaken in 2013 in collaboration with SOPAC/SPC. The audit showed that the WSP had been implemented and there were many positives such as the improvement schedule being used to prioritise and attract funding • The WSP training of trainers workshop in May 2013 was attended by 15 participants from government and non government organisations. This was well received and increased the in-country WSP capacity in Vanuatu markedly. • A further workshop was run in August 2013 to pilot test the training material at village level. This workshop was attended by 25 participants and was largely run by the participants as they increased in confidence in WSPs. Along with water safety planning the workshop also covered the H2S test • The selection of the 7 pilot villages for WSP development to be funded by the WSP mainstreaming project was recently agreed and planning for the workshops has commenced.

  20. Tonga Tonga has a population of approximately 105,000 Tonga Tonga has a population of approximately 180,000

  21. Tonga Institutional Arrangements National policy, regulatory framework • National water policy since 2009 A national WSP steering committee was established • Legislation Water Bill is being prepared but focusing on water quantity than quality in the Parliament based on IWRM project MoH - for rural, outer islands Tonga Water Board - urban supplies Ministry of Lands, Survey and Natural Resources - environment WSP Mainstreaming WSP Capacity Staff from key government agencies trained in WSP development and implementation through two workshops in 2013. Influencing policy and institutional arrangements The National WSP Steering Committee was re-activated with MoH’s active role. MoH can be supported to take leadership in revising the proposed Water Bill to include WSP.

  22. Tonga Workplan & Budget

  23. Tonga Success stories • Strong interest from the MoH. • The first in country WSP workshop was attended by approximately 70 people over the week in August 2013. Approximately 30 attended the SWS WSP development component of the workshop. Approximately 18 rural community DWSPs are currently under development. Gaps & Challenges No specific policy or legislation that would encourage the allocation of limited government resources to WSP development and implementation. No local WSP experts. General lack of understanding across the communities about the public health risks of unsafe drinking water. Way forward • More active advocacy for WSP from WHO in Tonga. Require supporting policy to empower and financially support the MoH officers to implement WSP related roles.

  24. Final comments Securing top-level national support and buy-in was critical for programme inception and implementation A multisectoral and multistakeholder steering committee to manage and guide WSP programme inception was extremely valuable and ensured programme deliverables. To build sustainable WSP capacity, strong policy, legislative and institutional framework was required. WSP capacity building should cover multiple sectors (Health, Utility and Environment being the key sectors) and multiple stakeholders (including NGOs and CBOs) For a sustainable WSP programme, it is necessary to identify synergies with ongoing projects and initiatives implemented by other agencies and integrate common goals to develop a more effective more efficient approach.

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