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Euro NCAP 28 june 2005

This study examines the correlation between crash severity and the duration of whiplash symptoms, as well as the effectiveness of whiplash prevention systems based on real-life collisions. The analysis includes data from rear-end impacts and crash tests with car seats. The study also evaluates different car models and their impact on whiplash injuries. The results show that new whiplash protective systems have a significant effect in reducing the risk of whiplash injuries.

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Euro NCAP 28 june 2005

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  1. Euro NCAP 28 june 2005 Whiplash injury epidemiology and effectiveness of whiplash prevention systems. Maria Krafft Folksam Sweden

  2. Rear impacts • Correlation crash severity and duration whiplash symptoms • Crash test with car seats • The effectiveness of whiplash prevention systems based on real life collisions

  3. All rear-end impacts 35% initial symptoms 10% Permanent disability

  4. Real-life crashes with ”black boxes” • Car models • Corolla 93-97 + 98-01 + 02-> • Yaris • Avensis • No previous whiplash injury • No multiple collisions

  5. Example 50 Acc (g) 40 DV (km/h) 30 20 10 0 -10 0 50 100 150 Time (ms) Delta-V 26 km/h Mean acc 5.6 g Peak acc 12.6 g Whiplash symptoms > 6 m WAD grade 3

  6. Numbers of drivers and front seat passengers with different duration of symptoms * One lumbar spine injury ** Two thoracic spine injuries

  7. Change of velocity

  8. Mean acceleration

  9. Injury risk in intervals of change of velocity for occupants with initial and long-term symptoms

  10. Injury risk in intervals of mean acceleration for occupants with initial and long-term symptoms

  11. Assessment of whiplash injury risk • Sled test of car seats • 3 crash severities/seat • 3 dummy readings (NIC, Nkm and rebound)

  12. Nissan Primera 24 km/h Opel Meriva 24 km/h

  13. Best Pick Best Pick Results 2003 0 - 5,0 points 5,1 - 10,0 points 10,1 - 15,0 points Audi A4 Ford Mondeo BMW 3-serie Yellow ( 5,5 points ) Green ( 2,6 points ) Red ( 11,3 points ) Peugeot 307 Opel Astra (Optional) Mercedes C-class Yellow ( 8,4 points ) Green ( 4,7 points ) Red ( 10,6 points ) Renault Megane Opel Astra (Standard) Saab 9-3 Yellow ( 9,9 points ) Green+ ( 0,9 points ) Red ( 12,1 points ) Skoda Fabia Toyota Corolla VW Polo Yellow ( 7,5 points ) Green ( 3,0 points ) Red ( 11,1 points ) Toyota Corolla Model year 1993 Volvo V70 Toyota Corolla Model year 1993 Yellow (6,8 points) Green+ ( 0,0 points ) Red (10,7 points) With after market whiplash system No whiplash protection system

  14. Best Pick Best Pick Results 2004

  15. Results 2005

  16. All rear-end impacts 35% initial symptoms 10% Permanent disability

  17. 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 No whiplash prot. Cars with effective whiplash protection WhiplashMedical permanent disability 1999-04 168/ 3005 Proportion of disabilities (%) 7/ 289

  18. Cars without whiplash protection systems  (15 892 crashes) Cars with whiplash protection systems (1813 crashes) Saab 9000 Saab 9-5 Saab 900 93-97 Saab 9-3 Volvo S40/V40 96-99 Volvo S40/V40 00- Volvo 850 Volvo S80 Volvo V70/S70 98-00 Effect of Volvo and Saab whiplash protection systems (WHIPS and SAHR)

  19. Average injury reducing effect of whiplash systems in Volvo and Saab cars (Whips and SAHR) 40% (+/- 21%) lower risk for whiplash injury with symptoms for more than 6 months

  20. Summary • New whiplash protective systems good effect • Injury criteria mirror whiplash injury risk • Consumer tests urgent

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