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Gwybodaeth. Sue Palmer. Addasiad Cymraeg gan Delyth Eynon. Mae testun gwybodaeth. yn disgrifio sut mae pethau (neu sut roedd pethau’n arfer bod). ** Does dim angen ysgrifennu yn nhrefn amser. Dyma enghreifftiau lle mae testun adroddiad yn cael ei ddefnyddio. taflen wybodaeth. catalog.
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Gwybodaeth Sue Palmer Addasiad Cymraeg gan Delyth Eynon
Mae testungwybodaeth yn disgrifio sut mae pethau (neu sut roedd pethau’n arfer bod) ** Does dim angen ysgrifennu yn nhrefn amser
Dyma enghreifftiau lle mae testun adroddiad yn cael ei ddefnyddio... taflen wybodaeth catalog llythyr prosiect ysgol ar thema neu bwnc arbennig erthygl mewn gwybodaeth cylchgrawn teithlyfr i dwristiaid llyfr ffeithiol (e.e. daearyddiaeth) darn o wybodaeth mewn gwyddoniadur
CynllunGwybodaeth1 gwybodaethsyml gwybodaeth wedi ei threfnu mewn categorïau Beth? Pryd? Pwnc Pwy? Ble? prif bwyntiau o fewn y categori rhagor o wybodaeth os oes angen
CynllunGwybodaeth1 Cyflwyniad Beth? Pwy? Ble? Pryd? Paragraff Rhan }1 Paragraff Rhan }2 ac yn y blaen Ar ôl i chi wneud eich sgerbwd ar gyfer y ‘gwe geiriau’, gallwch ddefnyddio pob coes i ysgrifennu paragraff (neu adran o dan is-bennawd).
CynllunGwybodaeth2 gwybodaethsy’ncymharugwahanolbwyntiau categorϊau cymhariaeth syml Ar ôl i chi wneud eich grid, ysgrifennwch baragraff am bob pwynt lle rydych chi’n cymharu dau beth. e.e. 1 e.e. 2 trefnu’r testun Ar ôl i chi wneud eich grid, ysgrifennwch am bob enghraifft o dan bob categori. e.e. 3 ac yn y blaen
NodweddioniaithGwybodaeth * yr amser presennol (heblaw am adroddiadau hanesyddol) *disgrifiadau ffeithiol *geiriau ac ymadroddion technegol * enwau cyffredin (nid enwau pobl, anifeiliaid a phethau penodol) *iaith ffurfiol *y trydydd person
Cynulleidfa Pwrpas rhywun sydd am wybod am: trefnu ac ysgrifennu’r ffeithiau fel eu bod yn hawdd eu ffeindio a’u deall - y pwnc - agwedd arbennig ar y pwnc * Efallai y bydd gennych fwy o wybodaeth am oed a diddordebau’r darllenydd.
Cynllunioiysgrifennugwybodaeth *TANIO SYNIADAU - meddwl am yr hyn rydych chi’n ei wybod yn barod (a chwilio am fwy o wybodaeth os oes angen) *TREFNU’R WYBODAETH yn gategorϊau * Gwneud GWE GEIRIAU • Ysgrifennwch y pwnc yn y canol ac un categori ar bob coes
Pan fyddwchynysgrifennugydaphartner, cofiwch... * Dywedwch bob ymadrodd neu frawddeg yn uchel YMARFER * Ceisiwch wella eich gwaith, os yw’n bosib YSGRIFENNU Un i ysgrifennu ac un i helpu AIL-DDARLLEN Darllenwch dros y gwaith i wneud yn siwr ei fod yn swnio’n iawn ac yn gwneud synnwyr.
Nodiadau ‘post-it’ un pwynt ar bob ‘post-it’ symud y darnau o gwmpas penderfynu ar y drefn orau
Enghraifft o destungwybodaeth Y Broga Anifail bach amffibaidd yw’r broga. Mae amffibiaid yn medru byw ar y tir ac yn y dŵr. Corff tew heb wddwg sydd gan y broga, ac mae ganddo goesau cefn hir cyhyrog a choesau blaen byr. Mae gan nifer o frogaod dafodau hir gludiog sy’n tasgu allan i ddal gwybed pan fyddan nhw angen bwyd. Croen llaith seimllyd, heb flew, sydd gan y broga. Mae rhai mathau o frogaod yn gallu newid lliw eu croen er mwyn cuddio oddi wrth eu gelynion.
Enghraifft o destungwybodaeth - parhad Yn y gwanwyn, mae’r broga’n dodwy wyau, mewwn grifft, a chydag amser mae’r rhain yn deor yn benbyliaid. Yn raddol, mae’r penbyliaid yn newid yn frogaod. Metamorffosis yw’r enw ar hyn. Mae garddwyr yn croesawu brogaod i’w gerddi oherwydd maen nhw’n bwyta’r pryfed sy’n dinistrio’r llysiau a’r blodau.
Examples of ‘skeletons’ in use Taken from ‘How to teach Writing Across the Curriculum’ (KS1/2) by Sue Palmer, with many thanks to David Fulton Publishers
OUR SCHOOL Our school is called Lee Park Primary, and it is in Longton near York. Lee Park has seven classes, from reception to Year 6, and there are 198 pupils in the school. It was built in 1965. Lee Park has a big playground, with special sections for the infants and juniors. In the infant playground there are lots of shapes painted on the ground, like hopscotch squares and a map of Britain, for people to play on. There is also a special area for sitting quietly. The junior playground has play areas marked out as well, including football and netball pitches. We also have a school field. This is next to the school down a little lane. In the summer we are allowed to play on the field too, but in winter it is too muddy. However, when it snows, Mrs Carr (our headteacher) sometimes lets us go on the field. The school has a large school hall that we use for assembly and some lessons, such as gym and drama. We also use the hall for lunches. You can bring packed lunch and sit at the back of the hall, or you can have school lunch. The dinner ladies serve this on long wooden tables at the front of hall. The rest of the time, the tables are stored in a cupboard. Skeleton
Longton, near York Lee Park Intro hopscotch map 198 pupils 7 classes built 1967 games quiet area infants summer - play Our School playground field winter juniors usually no play snow - play football netball hall assembly, lessons lunch packed lunch school lunch gym drama front-tables (cupboard) Text back
Butterflies Butterflies belong to the order of insects known as Lepidoptera. This means they have scaly bodies and wings, and a feeding tube on the front of the head called proboscis, coiled up when not in use. Their wings may be large, brightly coloured and patterned. Butterflies are found in most parts of the world and different species are adapted to the environments in which they live. Like all insects, the butterfly’s body is divided into three parts: head, thorax and abdomen. On the head are a pair of antennae, used for smelling, and two large compound eyes. Three pairs of legs and two pairs of wings – fore and hind – grow from the thorax. The wings are made of a very thin membrane, stretched over a network of ‘veins’, in the same way as the skin of an umbrella is stretched over the frame. Tiny overlapping scales on the membrane give the wings their pattern and colour. Male butterflies tend to be more brightly coloured than the females but the females are larger. They also have bigger wings, enabling them to fly even when they are carrying a heavy burden of eggs. A female butterfly may lay up to 3,000 eggs, always choosing an appropriate plant for the caterpillars to feed on. However, usually only one or two eggs out of a hundred hatch out and many others die as they grow through the stages of larva (caterpillar) and chrysalis (pupa) to become an imago (adult butterfly). The imago usually has a lifespan of only a few weeks. It feeds on nectar from flowers or other sweet food, such as over-ripe fruit, which it sucks up through the proboscis. This food provides energy to fly and reproduce, but most butterflies do not need any body-building foods to see them through their short lives. In fact, a few species have mouthparts that do not open so they cannot feed. 1. 2. 3.
1. Brainstorm caterpillar wings chrysalis insect lays eggs Butterflies six legs short life antennae sucks through tube nectar Text 2. 3.
2. Organise into categories insect features group? wings definition characteristics insect Butterflies feeding reproduction tube eggs leaves lifecycle nectar Text 1. 3.
3. Spidergram (adding to information from 2 though further readings) coiled proboscis scales/veins scaly body/wings insect features Lepidoptera wings definition characteristics insect don’t need much for short life span Butterflies male/female differences feeding reproduction 3,000 max eggs leaves nectar over-ripe fruit proboscis lifecycle 1/100 survive Text 1. 2.
BUTTERFLY Scientific name: Lepidoptera Butterflies are insects with two pairs of brightly coloured, patterned wings. Their bodies and wings are covered in tiny scales – it is the scales that give the wings their pattern. They feed through a tube on the head called a proboscis, which is coiled when not in use. By travelling from flower to flower to such up the nectar, butterflies help with pollination. They pick up the pollen on their abdomen in the flower and it brushes off on another. antennae forewings head compound eyes on either side of head 2 pairs of wings on thorax coiled proboscis hindwings 3 pairs of legs on thorax abdomen thorax Habitat Meadows, woodland, gardens Feeding habits Herbivorous: nectar from flowers; ripe fruit Life Cycle 100s of eggs → caterpillars → pupa → adult (imago) Predators Birds, bars, spiders, lizards, etc.
Classification Key facts Habitat Feeding habits Life cycle Predators 1. scales and coiled proboscis 2. helps pollination 100s of eggs → caterpillars → pupa → adult (imago) Birds, bats, spiders, frogs, lizards, small mammals Meadows woodlands gardens Herbivorous – nectar ripe fruit Insect Lepidoptera Butterfly Worm Woodlouse
