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Rice Production Course

Rice Production Course. Transgenic rice and biosafety procedures D.S. Brar PGPB, IRRI. Learning objectives. To describe general methods for rice improvement To describe genetic improvement of rice To define and describe transgenic rice To describe a brief history of transgenics in rice

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Rice Production Course

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  1. Rice Production Course Transgenic rice and biosafety procedures D.S. Brar PGPB, IRRI

  2. Learning objectives • To describe general methods for rice improvement • To describe genetic improvement of rice • To define and describe transgenic rice • To describe a brief history of transgenics in rice • To explain production, characterization and evaluation of transgenic rice IRRI: Rice Production Course

  3. Option 1 Management practices Agronomic practices (sowing, fertilizer, water, soil preparation, etc.) Integrated Pest Management (IPM) Integrated nutrient management Post harvest losses (drying, storage, etc.) Option 2 Genetic improvement Option 3 Combination of options 1 and 2 Can anyone describe methods for rice improvement? IRRI: Rice Production Course

  4. What are the methods for genetic improvement of rice? • Conventional breeding methods • Hybridization, backcrossing, selection and evaluation of progenies • Wide hybridization (rice x wild species) • Tissue culture (anther culture, somatic cell culture) IRRI: Rice Production Course

  5. 4. Mutation (create new variation) 5. Molecular breeding (use of molecular markers) 6. Transformation (genetic engineering) • Introducing transgene/foreign genes through recombinant DNA technique but not through sexual hybridization IRRI: Rice Production Course

  6. Broadly speaking refers to any rice plant that carries foreign gene (s) introduced through genetic engineering techniques The transgene could be from a micro-organisms and different plants Can anyone define “transgenic rice”? IRRI: Rice Production Course

  7. Transgenic rice • Gene = introduced directly into cultured cells (callus) and/or organs (immature embryo) using biolistic or Agrobacterium methods of transformation • Rice plants are regenerated from transformed cells and progenies and tested for the desirable agronomic trait (s) (eg. stem borer resistance) IRRI: Rice Production Course

  8. Transgenic rice • Transgenic rice = commonly referred as GM (genetically modified) rice Transgenics are released into environment after series of biosafety tests • Biosafety = safety of living organisms (human, microorganisms, plants, animals & insects,…) • IRRI follows biosafety guidelines of NCBP, Philippines. IRRI: Rice Production Course

  9. IRRI: Rice Production Course

  10. IRRI: Rice Production Course

  11. IRRI: Rice Production Course

  12. A schematic protocol for production of fertile transgenic plants using: • biolistic systems, • protoplast systems • Agrobacterium systems • (Datta,et al.) IRRI: Rice Production Course

  13. Brief history of transgenics in rice • Transgenic rice first produced in 1988 • Two methods commonly used to produce transgenics • Biolistic • Agrobacterium mediated • Both indica and japonica varieties have been transformed IRRI: Rice Production Course

  14. Transgenic rice have been produced carrying genes for: • herbicide resistance, bacterial blight, virus, • sheath blight resistance • stem borer resistance • high iron, golden rice • No commercial release of transgenic rice IRRI: Rice Production Course

  15. Transgenic rice – production, characterization and evaluation • Transgene availability – local or imported • Insertion into the elite line • Growing of transgenics in containment facility (CL4), low level containment facility (screen house) • Characterization and evaluation of transgenics (based on agronomic and molecular chracteristics) • Commercial release of transgenics IRRI: Rice Production Course

  16. Transgenic rice with Xa21 gene showing resistance to bacterial blight IRRI: Rice Production Course

  17. Transgenic rice (golden rice) with psy, crtl, lcy genes possessing B-carotene IRRI: Rice Production Course

  18. Transgenic rice with Bt gene showing resistance to stem borer IRRI: Rice Production Course

  19. Some examples of transgenic rice produced at IRRI IRRI: Rice Production Course

  20. Transgenic rice and biosafety IRRI: Rice Production Course

  21. IRRI: Rice Production Course

  22. IRRI: Rice Production Course

  23. Can anyone briefly summarize the importance of transgenic rice? Questions or comments? IRRI: Rice Production Course

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