RENEWABLE ENERGIES AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF LIGNITE MINES IN GERMANY, LUSATIA

1. RENEWABLE ENERGIES AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF LIGNITE MINES IN GERMANY, LUSATIA CONFLICT OR CHANCE OF THE FUTURE OF ENERGY SUPPLY? Prof. Dr.-Ing. Kathrin Lehmann, Fachhochschule Lausitz, Senftenberg kathrin.lehmann@iem.fh-lausitz.de With the friendly authorisation and assistance by Vattenfall Europe Mining AG

2. Agenda • Motivations 1.1 Mixture of energy resources and power demand 1.2 The german law of energy economy (EnWG) 1.3 The renewable energy sources act (EEG) • Lignite in competition 2.1 The lusatian lignite mines 2.2 How to accept a challenge 2.3 Selected technical strategies/ solutions 2.4 Economic aspects for competitiveness 3. Summary and a future look

3. The balance of power 610 594 550 557 575 increase + 20.000MW decrease - 51.000MW Motivations Mixture of energy resources and power demand Demand on additional electrical power until 2020 ca. 25.000 – 30.000 MW

4. Reliability of supply practical compromise (Energiewirtschaftsgesetz, §1) Environmental protection Efficiency Motivations The German law of energy economy (EnWG) Liberalization of Energy Market = Competition costumers choose the own energy supplier energy trading – Europe-wide Unbundlingof energy supply and energy net Regulatory authority network access fee

5. Accumulated capacity - Germany Sorce: WindEnergy Study 2006 Motivations The German renewable energy sources act (EEG) Gouvernment aid of renewable energy sources solar power, wind energy, Geothermik, bioenergy, water energy, landfill-, sewage- and mine gas Development of proportion renewable energies in Germany2012  12,5% 2020  20,0% Paymentlong-term assured (20 years) Primacy of supply to the energy net Promotion of technical developments

6. Lignite in competition The lusatian lignite mines Plants of Vattenfall Europe Mining • Jänschwalde/Cottbus-Nord opencast mine •  power plant Jänschwalde (3.000 MW) • Welzow-Süd opencast mine •  power plant Schwarze Pumpe (1.600 MW) • Transport =coal railway, Drainange, Workshop • Technical services - Refining = briquette plant Schwarze Pumpe • Nochten/Reichwalde opencast mine •  power plant Boxberg (1.900 MW)

7. Schwarze Pumpe power stationand briquetting plant mining direction relocation of settlements lignite excavator recultivation spreader overburden conveyor intermediate recultivation overburden bridge area clearing overburden excavators conveyor wells rails dump overburden rails rising water table lignite lignite conveyor lowering water table Lignite in competition The lusatian lignite mines Source: Vattenfall Europe Mining Principle view Technology with overburden bridge ca. 60 mill t/a lignite ca. 450 mill m3/a overburden ca. 310 mill m3/a water

8. 1998 Liberalization of energy market 1990 German reunification  free market economy The imperative to competitiveness Cost and operating effectiveness Cost and operating effectiveness Lignite in competition How to accept a challenge The way „Long-term lignite and its energy must be cheaper“ • implementation of innovative technical system solutions in all departments • extensive structuring of communication infrastructure and process technology schemes • development and implementation of efficient maintenance strategy • improvement of operation and management processes

9. Lignite in competition Selected technical strategies/ solutions – drives for conveyor belts Conveyor belts for overburden • Length: 1-3 km • Width: 2.5 m • Volume: 15‘ – 20‘000 m3/h • All conventional conveyors represented: • 40% of total energy consumption • more than 20% of total maintenance costs • 23% of investment volume The invested Energy is used for: moving the conveyor 70% No-Load Power (measured) operation time moving the material 30% Total Energy minus No-Load Power operation time

10. The Way 1997 = begin with low voltage (690 V – ABB, Siemens) variable frequency drives 2001 = first 6-kV-variable frequency drives (Rockwell) for overburden conveyor belts Up to day summery ca. 40.000 kW drive capacity supply variable speed conveyors Planned until 2010 additional 20.000 kW drive capacity Lignite in competition Selected technical strategies/ solutions – drives for conveyor belts The main effects Minimizing of equipment costs by optimal drive dimensioning Minimizing of operation and maintenance costs

11. Bucket-wheel excavator • Main drive • Motors • gear units • bucket wheel axle bearing • Conveyor belt • Motors • gear units • drum bearing Band 1 Band 2 Band 3 Band 4 Hauptantrieb Schaufelrad Band • Conveyor belt drive station • Conveyor belt • Motors • gear units • drum bearing Lignite in competition Selected technical strategies/ solutions – diagnostic systems

12. Central control center of the railway department • Switching command- place • switch traction system • give switching commands • Engineer • Control operating states • coal quality • organize maintanance • Central movements inspector • controls railway system • instruction for engine driver Central control center of the dewatering department Lignite in competition Selected technical strategies/ solutions – control systems

13. Lignite in competition Selected technical strategies/ solutions – energy management system Energy consumption 1.200 GWh/year Max. power demand 250 MW • Components ofenergy management system • Minimizing of max power • energy efficiently operating of equipement • optimization of form of contract for acquisition of energy

14. - 45% Development of specific maintenance costs Lignite in competition Economic aspects for the competitiveness Main effect of technical solutions Increase of total output lower costs for maintanance  Not increasing costs in the future

15.  Guarantee of lignite supply  Reliability of energy supply Lignite take a part in the mixture of energyin the future Summary and a future look  efficient energy consumption + efficient mining technology  Resources protection  Cost minimisation  Competitiveness

16. Thanks for your attention