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Genetic Engineering. Genetic Engineering/Genetic Modification. Biotechnology is the process of manipulating organisms or their components for the purpose of making useful products. Genetic engineering is the process of manipulating genes and genomes & often includes making recombinant DNA.
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Genetic Engineering/Genetic Modification Biotechnology is the process of manipulating organisms or their components for the purpose of making useful products. Genetic engineering is the process of manipulating genes and genomes & often includes making recombinant DNA. Recombinant DNA is DNA that has been artificially made, using DNA from different sources and different species. An example is the introduction a human gene into an E. coli bacterium to make large quantities of insulin. Agriculture has been making use of GE technology for about 20 years Video clips
2 1 3 Genes conferring useful traits, such as pest resistance, herbicide resistance, delayed ripening, and increased nutritional value, can be transferred from one plant variety or species to another using the Ti plasmid as a vector. Agrobacterium tumefaciens RESULT APPLICATION TECHNIQUE Tiplasmid Site where restriction enzyme cuts The Ti plasmid is isolated from the bacterium Agrobacterium tumefaciens. The segment of the plasmid that integrates into the genome of host cells is called T DNA. T DNA DNA with the gene of interest Isolated plasmids and foreign DNA containing a gene of interest are incubated with a restriction enzyme that cuts in the middle of T DNA. After base pairing occurs between the sticky ends of the plasmids and foreign DNA fragments, DNA ligase is added. Some of the resulting stable recombinant plasmids contain the gene of interest. Recombinant Ti plasmid Recombinant plasmids can be returned to Agrobacterium, which is then applied as a liquid suspension to the leaves of susceptible plants, infecting them. Once a plasmid is taken into a plant cell, its T DNA integrates into the cell‘s chromosomal DNA. Transformed cells carrying the transgene of interest can regenerate complete plants that exhibit the new trait conferred by the transgene. Plant with new trait Transgenic plants
Genetic Engineering Issues How does GE technology work? How is GE technology similar to traditional selective breeding techniques? How is it different? What were some of the concerns demonstrated in the video clips and in the readings? What were the pros and cons of this technology as identified in the video clips and the readings? What recommendations would you make regarding the implementation of this technology? What other information would you like to know?
