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Vocabulary Review. BURDEN. Review of soda ban vocabulary . Burdened: past participle, past tense of burden (verb) 1 . Load heavily. 2. Cause (someone) hardship or distress. . Apathy . Apathy, (NOUN). Siphon off drop by drop . Siphoned off drop by drop: (idiom)
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Vocabulary Review • BURDEN
Burdened: past participle, past tense of burden (verb) 1. Load heavily. 2. Cause (someone) hardship or distress.
Siphoned off drop by drop: (idiom) • Fig. to embezzle or steal something a little at a time. • FROM: to suck or draw a liquid off from something.
Mind your own business! • used to tell someone in a rude way that you do not want them to ask about something private: "Where have you been?" "Mind your own business!"
Gutsy (adj) • Showing courage, determination, and spirit.
Pre-listening • What would the soda ban do? • What happened to the soda ban?
What would the soda ban do? Ban sugary drinks over 16 ounces. • What happened to the soda ban? A judge ruled against it.
Listening comprehension Qs • What did the judge call the soda ban? • What did Bloomberg say the “downside” of the ban is? • In a “New York Times” poll last year, what percent (%) of city residents said the ban was a bad idea? • Mayor Bloomberg’s office said it will________ the judge’s decision.
CNN student news • http://www.cnn.com/2013/03/11/studentnews/sn-transcript-tue/index.html • Now let’s read the transcript together.
go into effect and take effect [for a law or a rule] • to become effective. • When does this new law go into effect? The new tax laws won't go into effect until next year.
Arbitrary (adj) • Based on random choice or personal whim, rather than any reason or system.
Capricious (adj) • Given to sudden and unaccountable changes of mood or behavior.
Impulsive (adj) • Acting or done without thinking before: "young impulsive teenagers".
Downside (noun) • a part of something that you do not want or like : a disadvantage. • EXMP: On the downside (when you consider the disadvantages), the car does not have much trunk space.
Majority (noun) The greater number or part; a number more than half of the total.
Appeal (noun) • 1. An earnest or urgent request. • c. A request for a new hearing.
Listening comprehension Qs • What did the judge call the soda ban? arbitrary and capricious • What did Bloomberg say the “downside” of the ban is? “There’s no downside” • In a “New York Times” poll last year, what percent (%) of city residents said the ban was a bad idea? 60% • Mayor Bloomberg’s office said it will appeal the judge’s decision.
The judge called the ban “arbitrary.” • What was arbitrary about the ban?
Online OP-DOC • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dIfhwkPMvpc
NYC Soda ban explained, sort of. • Proposal bans sugary drinks larger than ____. • A large drink at McDonalds is like drinking ___ 8oz. Bottles. • According to Mayor Bloomberg, what industries does the city regulate? • Is 7-Eleven regulated by the city? Y/N • Why are large drinks at Starbucks ok? • Why is the Dunkin Doughnuts 32 0z oreo vanilla bean coolatta ok? • The ban has forced a conversation about________________.
NYC Soda ban explained, sort of. • Proposal bans sugary drinks larger than 16 oz. • A large drink at McDonalds is like drinking four8oz. Bottles. • According to Mayor Bloomberg, what industries does the city regulate? Restaurants, movie theaters, food carts 4. Is 7-Eleven regulated by the city? Y/N 5. Why are large drinks at Starbucks ok? The customer adds their own sugar to the drink. 6.Why is the Dunkin Doughnuts 32 0z oreo vanilla bean coolatta ok? Because there is an exception if the drink contains more than 50% milk. 7. The ban has forced a conversation about why people are getting fat.
After watching the OP-DOC, what else makes the ban arbitrary? • Do you think Casey Neistat is for, or against the ban? • Why? • The ban has forced a conversation about _____________.
Giving advice • We gave our opinion. We were for, or against the ban. Now, how do we give advice?
Giving Advice: should, ought to, had better • Americans should eat healthier foods. • Americans ought to eat healthier foods. • (stronger advice)Americans had better eat healthier foods. Form: Subject + should/ought to/ had better + base verb
You should exercise more. • You ought to exercise more. • You had better exercise more. (Or else something bad will happen. You will get sick etc.) • You shouldn’t eat so much sugar. • You had better not eat so much sugar.
Should and ought to have the same meaning. I am giving you advice. It would be good if you do that. • Had better is used when you are giving urgent, strong advice. You had better do something, or something bad will happen.
Question formation when giving advice. • Only use should when forming questions. We don’t use ought to, or had better when forming questions. • Should we go to the park? • Should I call him back? • Should Jane run in the race? Yes, we/you/Jane should. No, we/ you/ Jane shouldn’t.
A note about “ought to.” In spoken English, people say this as oughta. • It is written as “ought to,” but pronounced as oughta.
When giving unasked for advice, it is nice to use I think, or maybe to soften what you say. • If you think your friend drinks too much, you could say. I think you should
What advice would you give to Americans who need to lose weight?
Letter to the NY Times advice column. • Candy and baked goods are often left around our office for all to eat, and I’ve gained a few unnecessary pounds. I can usually walk by the brownies, but next week a co-worker who doesn’t like dieting is hosting an all-office dessert swap, and my willpower is not that strong. I will not attend. If asked why, should I lie and say that my doctor advised me to consume less sugar? M. S., SOMERVILLE, MASS.
Pronunciation, HEEL versus HILL /ˈhiyl/ noun /ˈhɪl/ noun
Number you paper 1-6 EXMP: If you hear, bread-bread-Brad, you will write 3 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
