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Dictators and War

Dictators and War. Goals: To understand the actions of countries leading up to WWII To understand how fascism and dictatorships arose in Europe. Depression in the Soviet Union. After Vladimir Lenin’s death in 1924, Joseph Stalin took his place in the Communist Party

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Dictators and War

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  1. Dictators and War Goals: To understand the actions of countries leading up to WWII To understand how fascism and dictatorships arose in Europe

  2. Depression in the Soviet Union • After Vladimir Lenin’s death in 1924, Joseph Stalin took his place in the Communist Party • Stalin means “man of steel” • He did not think twice about killing rivals or sentencing innocent people to death • He issued in the Great Terror, in which he attempted to make the Soviet Union an industrial power (he killed over 10 million Russians to do it) • A combination of fear and massive propaganda kept Stalin in power

  3. Depression in Italy • After WWI, Italy’s economy plummeted and the government became weak • Benito Mussolini founded the Fascist Party promoting nationalism • In 1922, Italian King Victor Emmanuel III asked Mussolini to form a government to avoid revolution • Mussolini outlawed political parties, took over the press, created a secret police, organized youth groups to indoctrinate the young, and suppressed strikes

  4. Rise of Hitler • After WWI, Germany became a democracy known as the Weimar Republic • Anger over the Treaty of Versailles and disunity plagued the young government • Opposition to the democracy was the National Socialist German Worker’s Party (Nazi Party), preaching the importance of German ethnic solidarity • Adolf Hitler joined the Nazi Party after WWI and wrote Mein Kampf while in prison for an attempted rebellion

  5. Origin of the Swastika Used as a symbol of the sun since antiquity Some cultures used it as the “wheel of life” Architects in India used it in their architecture Swastikas have even been used for a few boy scout troops until the 1930s when the symbol began to be associated with the Nazi party

  6. Rise of Hitler • Hitler’s sharpest assaults were against the communists and the Jews • The shattered German economy played right into the Nazi Party’s hands • Hitler was appointed Chancellor of Germany in 1933 • Hitler established a secret police, a state-controlled press, and a state-controlled education system • His rearmament of Germany and massive public works brought Germany out of depression

  7. Aggressive Leaders of Japan • The Japanese government underwent a period of increased democracy and peace in the 1920s, but the Depression ended all of that • Military leaders argued that expansion throughout Asia would solve Japan’s economic troubles • Japan continued as a constitutional monarchy headed by an emperor • In 1931, Japan attacked Manchuria and established a puppet state • In 1937, Japan moved against China and captured the then-capital city of Nanjing

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