1 / 14

Avantgarde and Underground

Avantgarde and Underground. Introduction into the Critical Theory and History in Czechoslovakia 1930´s – 1968. Avantgarde in the 20´s. Dada, Surrealism Duchamp, Fountain Zurich 1916-1922, anti-art rational thought and burgeois values brought terrifying conflict upon the world

asta
Download Presentation

Avantgarde and Underground

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Avantgarde and Underground Introduction into the Critical Theory and History in Czechoslovakia 1930´s – 1968

  2. Avantgarde in the 20´s • Dada, Surrealism • Duchamp, Fountain • Zurich 1916-1922, anti-art • rational thought and burgeois values brought terrifying conflict upon the world • Bankruptcy of existing style of art expression • Tristan Tzara - manifesto 1918 • Make it new! (Ezra Pound) • Rejection of tradition, enlightenment and “God”. • Nietzsche, Beckett

  3. Avant-garde • The hall-mark of modernism • experimental, innovative art, culture and politics • radical social reforms • art for art’s sake – expanding frontiers • subcategory of Bohemianism • Surrealism • Developed out of dada in the 1920s, manifest by Andre Breton • Automatic writing • Dalí in Paris with his Pet Anteater

  4. Situationist International (SI) • 1957-1972 • experiences of life being alternative to those “admitted by the capitalist order” • construction of situations, • Guy Debord The Society of the Spectacle 1967:„Media show a fake reality in order to mask the real capitalist degradation of human life“

  5. Theorists: Frankfurt School 1923 left-wing German-Jewish intellectuals analyzing culture in the condition of mass production TheodoreAdorno (1903-1970), Max Horkheimer (1895-1973), HerbertMarcuse (1889-1978), Walter Benjamin (1892-1940). disbelief in scientific and rational progress Technology used to propagate ideology through mass culture After TV - the working class has been pacified into accepting capitalism – no social revolution possible Erich Fromm, The Art of Loving

  6. Undeground 1. WWII: an underground organization of a conquered country engaging in sabotage and secrete operations against occupation forces and collaborators (Webster’s New E Dictionary, 1995) 2. "the underground“ against the totalitarian regimes 1948-1989 3. “subcultural” and “civic” underground. Against consumer society, multinational corporations, neo-liberal capitalism, etc.

  7. Avantgarde in Czechoslovakia after 1945 • Honza Krejcarová • Milena Jesenská (Ravensbrück) and Jaroslav Krejcar (Devětsil) • Femme fatale, bohemian lifestyle • Hrabal: „swan with a broken wing“ • Without quest for meaning there is no ethics • To follow one’s bliss is depressing: we can strive for pleasure in small things as biological needs, which though, does not provide satisfaction of the meaning of existence. Nothing we do for ourselves solves the basic need for meaning, because egoism is pointless. (Bondy) • Egon Bondy • Spiritual father of the Czech Underground • 1949, surrealist Jewish Names with Honza Krejcarová – protesting against communist antisemitism by taking Jewish sounding pseudonymes • 1970´s friends with Magor, PPU sing his poems and texts • Against real socialism, against consumer society • Hrabal, Medek, Boudník • 3 Seasons in the Hell • Signed Charter 1977

  8. Egon Bondy • secret lectures in apartments on art, buddhism, philosophy (Milan Machovec and Milan Balabán religion)History of Philosophy‒ not first hand sources, cheap weapon to critics • supported the generation of Jáchym Topol, Ivan Lamper, Vít Kremlička, Karlík, Placák, Krchovský: underground publishing • Meetings NERUDOVA 51

  9. 1950´s • Persecutions of the Church • Antisemitic processes (Slánský) • ... • 1956 – Khrushchev – criticism of Stalin´s cult – situation released

  10. 1968 • Soviet Invasion, August 21 • Jan Palach, 1969 – burrial anticommunist demostration

  11. Karel Kryl • Protest Song, 1968-1969 • Brother, Close the Door

  12. The Begginigs of Czech Undeground • The Primitives Group, 1966-69 • Psychedelic performances • Hendrix, Doors, Fugs, Mothers of Invention • Magor – art student • 1968 Fish Fest • 1969 Bird Fest

  13. Plastic People of the Universe • Psychedelic • Velvet Undeground • Magor • 1967 – 1st CS Beat Fest • Hippies • „popular artistic creativity“ • Olympic, Blue Effect • Black concerts (marriages) • 1974 Massacre in Budějovice • Commission for protection of public order • Gestapo practices of the police, traumatizing • Patočka • Charter 77

  14. StB Actions • Jiří Gans • Jewish, parents perished in concentration camps • Almost blind • Accused for spying in České Budějovice • Listened to jazzrock music – friends with the American diplomat since 1965 • Surrounded by young people that wanted to listen to the music • Sentenced to death in 1976 for moral distorsion of youth, tortured

More Related